The shifting sea: from soft space to lively space

Figures & data

Table 1. A framework for progressing MSP.

Descriptor	Relational Conception of Space-being-planned	Soft Space Approaches to Spatial Planning	Additional Insights from Marine Contexts
1. Flexing	Open, unbounded, becoming and evolving	Expansive boundaries, widening scope and inclusive participation	Three-dimensional, fluid, transboundary and temporal variations
2. Teeming	Populated by centres of action, human and non-human, physical and social	Recognises the plurality of the components and agents of planning	Awareness of all-pervasive natural elements, living and non-living
3. Connecting	Constituted by relations, social and material, across multiple scales	Embodies relations in ways of working, analysis and outputs	Addressing fragmentary governance, prevalence of mobile activities
4. Integrating	Tendency to the formation of multiple, complex networks	Cross-sectoral, cross-institutional working and integrative solutions	Understanding ecosystems and human interaction, seeking coherent uses
5. Re-configuring	Continuously re-formed connections and changing assemblages	Changing, multi-party governance and innovative processes	Dynamic eco-human interactions, partly through maritime development
6. Anticipating	Subject to potentially major and largely unforeseeable influences	Readiness to respond to new challenges and opportunities	Limited understanding of conditions and need for adaptive management

Figure 1. Spheres of decision-making in BaltSeaPlan (Gee et al., 2011, p. 8).

Figure 2. Connectivity thinking in BaltSeaPlan (Gee et al., 2011, p. 7).

Gee, K., Kannen, A., & Heinrichs, B. (2011). Baltseaplan vision 2030: Towards the sustainable planning of Baltic Sea Space. Hamburg: BaltSeaPlan.

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