Drive in the Moment: An evaluation of a web-based tool designed to reduce smartphone use among young drivers

Figures & data

Table 1. Smartphone functions used while driving by young adults in the past week.

Phone function	n (%)
Reading text messages	70 (38.9)
Sending text message	45 (25.0)
Making phone calls	76 (42.2)
Answering phone calls	97 (53.9)
GPS (using a map)	114 (63.3)
Listening to music	129 (71.7)
Snapchat	23 (12.8)
Other	61 (33.9)

Note. Other is a collation of all uses indicated by less than 10% of participants. This included any use of Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, WhatsApp, taking or sending photos/videos, browsing internet, playing games and online shopping.

Figure 1. Flowchart of stages of the study.

Figure 2. The effect of Time and Group on number of times participants used SWD in previous week. The only significant effect is the decrease in SWD in the intervention group. Estimated marginal means, with error bars denoting 95% confidence intervals.

Figure 3. The effect of Time and Group on future intentions. There is a significant effect for Time and no other significant effects. Estimated marginal means, with error bars denoting 95% confidence intervals.

Figure 4. The effect of Time and Group on the perceived risk of having a crash. The intervention group showed a transient effect on the perceived risk of having a crash after the intervention. This effect did not persist at follow-up. Estimated marginal means, with error bars denoting 95% confidence intervals.

Figure 5. The effect of Time and Group on the perceived risk of being apprehended by police while using a SWD. There is a significant effect in the intervention group which was maintained at follow-up. Estimated marginal means, with error bars denoting 95% confidence intervals.