Geographical Distribution of COPD Prevalence in the Americas

Figures & data

Figure 1. Simplified PRISMA flowchart of study selection.

Table 1. List of studies used to compile the database of the Americas interpolation maps.

Country	Samples source	Age mean, years	Diagnosis criteria	COPD prevalence (mean, %)	First Author (reference) [study period]
Canada	Ottawa	59	ATS	17.4	Dales (10) [2006]
	Vancouver	57	GOLD	19.3	Buist (11) [2007]
	Vancouver, Montreal, Toronto, Halifax, and Calgary	56	GOLD/LLN	16.7	Tan (12) [2011]
USA	NHANES	55	ATS/ERS	14.5	Doney (26) [2007–2010]
Mexico	Mexico City	56	GOLD	7.8	Menezes (28) [2003]
Argentina	Cordoba, Gran Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Rosario, La Plata, and Mendoza	59	GOLD	14.5	Echazarreta (30) [2014–2016]
	Marcos Paz	58	GOLD	17.1	Sobrino (31)
	Bariloche	58	GOLD	9.9	[2011–2012]
Brazil	Pelotas	51	GOLD	15.2	Menezes (29) [2001]
	Sao Paulo	55	GOLD	15.8	Menezes (28) [2003]
Colombia	Barranquilla, Bogota, Bucaramanga, Cali, and Medellin	56	GOLD	8.9	Caballero (32) [2004]
Chile	Santiago de Chile	57	GOLD	16.9	Menezes (28) [2003]
	Temuco	58	GOLD	6.4	Sobrino (31) [2011–2012]
Peru	Lima, Tumbes, urban and rural Puno	55	GOLD	6.0	Jaganath (33) [2010]
Uruguay	Montevideo	60	GOLD	19.7	Menezes (28) [2003]
	Barros Blancos	58	GOLD	11.0	Sobrino (31) [2011–2012]
Venezuela	Caracas	51	GOLD	12.1	Menezes (28) [2003]

The numerical values of age have been rounded.

ATS: American Thoracic Society; ERS: European Respiratory Society; GOLD: global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease; LLN: lower limit of normal; NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

Figure 2. IDW interpolation map of COPD prevalence in North America. There is a high prevalence in the Southeast and Southwest regions of Canada, in the Great Lakes region, and in the lower Missouri, Ohio and Mississippi basins; the remaining regions, including Mexico, show intermediate prevalence, except for the sparsely populated areas of the Canadian and Alaska tundra, the southwestern United States and Northern Mexico desert.

Figure 3. IDW interpolation map of COPD prevalence in Central America, Caribbean and South America. A very high prevalence appears in the Atlantic Ocean coastal regions of southeast Brazil, Uruguay and the Argentine Pampas. In general, most of the remaining regions of Central America, Caribbean and South America show intermediate/high COPD prevalence, except for the sparsely populated areas of the American basin and southern Patagonia.

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