The ecosystems perspective in social work: Implications for culturally competent practice with American Muslims

ABSTRACT

The ecosystems framework is relevant to social work because it helps to envision a better fit between clients and their environments by improving the quality of transactions across different ecological systems. This approach can be useful to understanding the experiences of Muslims living in America, and is consistent with Islam’s emphasis on person-in-context. This article analyzes American Muslims’ experiences at different ecological levels; namely, family and peers, organizations that individuals are in regular contact with (school, college, workplace, Islamic center), and pervasive sociopolitical influences at the macrolevel. For each of these ecosystems, the article outlines challenges the person may have in adapting, strategies that enhance the quality of the environment and person-environment fit, and practical recommendations for social work practice. The aim of this review is to provide social workers with a rich understanding of the various systemic factors that can influence the well-being of their American Muslim clients so that they can support their growth and empowerment.

KEYWORDS:

• American Muslims
• discrimination
• ecosystems
• Islam
• person-in-environment