Online teaching self-efficacy of Chinese university teachers amidst Covid-19: its changes and the moderation of adaptability and administration quality

Figures & data

Table 1. Correlation coefficients between OTSE, adaptability, and school administration.

Variables	OTSE for instruction1	OTSE for instruction2	OTSE for technology1	OTSE for technology2	Adaptability	School administration
OTSE for instruction1^a	1
OTSE for instruction2^b	.288**	1
OTSE for technology1^c	.628**	.402**	1
OTSE for technology2^d	.363**	.709**	.500**	1
Adaptability	.579**	.582**	.588**	.580**	1
School administration	.053	.088	.084	.072	.102	1
Mean (SD)	5.52(.860)	5.25(.961)	5.32(.951)	5.61(.964)	5.58(.921)	4.22(.671)

Note. ^a,b OTSE for instruction1 and OTSE for instruction2 indicate self-efficacy for online instruction at Time 1 and Time 2, respectively; ^c,d OTSE for technology1 and OTSE for technology2 indicate self-efficacy for technology application at Time 1 and Time 2, respectively.

** p < .01, * p < .05.

Table 2. Parameters and model fits for multilevel modeling for OTSE.

Parameters	OTSE for instruction^a		OTSE for technology^b
	Model1	Model2	Model1	Model2
Fixed effects
Intercepts	5.20**	5.07**	5.564**	4.931**
Time 1	.217*	.210	−.362**	−.329**
Time 2^c
Female		.133		.372
Male^d
Less than 5 years		.128		.374
5 to 10 years		−.326		−.226
Less than 15 years		−.338*		.067
15 to 20 years		−.225		−.053
More than20 years^e
Engineering		−.697		−.604
Education		−2.01**		−.1.777**
Science		−.626		−.845*
Management^f
State Key university		.393		.230
Provincial Key university		.504		.658*
Regular provincial university		−.018		.284
Local university^g
First tier city		−.001		.178
Second tier city		−.106		−.017
Third tier city		.153		−.098
Fourth tier city^h
Synchronous teaching		.321		.364
Asynchronous teaching		.361		.361
Other formats^i
School administration		.110		.139
Random effects
Residual	.861**	.863**	.710**	.622**
Intercept	.253**	.168	.531**	.544**
Model summary
AIC	994.939	698.814	1006.368	695.946
−2LL	990.939	694.814	1002.368	691.946
Number of parameters	4	21	4	21

Note. ^a indicates self-efficacy for online instruction; ^b indicates self-efficacy for technology application; ^{c,d,e,f,g,h,i.} the parameters were redundant.

** p < .01; * p < .05.

Table 3. Parameters for the moderation modeling.

Variables	β	SE	t	p	95%CI
OTSE for instruction2^b
Constant	7.71	1.743	4.424	<.001	[4.27, 11.156]
OTSE for instruction1^a	−1.223	.329	−3.717	<.001	[−1.873, −.573]
Adaptability	−.379	.332	−1.141	.256	[−1.034, .277]
Adaptability*OTSE for instruction1	.203	.06	3.396	.<.001	[.085, .321]
Constant	7.80	1.326	5.881	<.001	[5.18, 10.417]
OTSE for instruction1	−.55	.242	−2.27	.025	[−1.028,-.072]
School administration	−1.093	.364	−3.003	.003	[−1.812, −.374]
School administration*OTSE for instruction1	.219	.066	3.346	.001	[.09, .349]
OTSE for technology2^d
Constant	7.10	1.686	4.211	<.001	[3.771, 10.428]
OTSE for technology1^c	−.888	.334	−2.662	.009	[−1.546, −.229]
Adaptability	−.442	.315	−1.403	.163	[−1.065, .18]
Adaptability*OTSE for Technology1	.189	.059	3.172	.002	[.071, .305]
Constant	6.608	1.103	5.993	<.001	[4.431, 8.784]
OTSE for technology1	−.212	.215	−.987	.325	[−.636, −.212]
School administration	−.866	.293	−2.957	=.004	[−1.443, −.288]
School administration* OTSE for Technology1	.168	.056	3.002	.003	[.057278]

Note. ^a,b OTSE for instruction1 and OTSE for instruction2 indicate self-efficacy for online instruction at Time 1 and Time 2; ^c,d OTSE for technology1 and OTSE for technology2 indicate self-efficacy for technology application at Time 1 and Time 2.

Data availability statement

https://osf.io/7zuny/?view_only=fdb6fa741104427089885576fecde150