Positive effects of plant growth regulators on physiology responses of Fragaria × ananassa cv. ‘Camarosa’ under salt stress

Figures & data

Table 1. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of NaCl salinity (N), hormonal treatments (T) and their interaction (N×  T) for the leaf electrolyte leakage (EC₁/EC₂), leaf proline, Na content of leaves (NaL), K content of leaves (KL), Na content of roots (NaR), K content of roots (KR), of strawberry under salt stress.

		F values
Source of variance	df	EC1/EC2	LP	NaL	KL	NaR	KR
N	2	244.65**	133.95**	997.37**	6.28**	85.90**	16.16**
T	6	6.84**	63.97**	5.29**	20.80**	1.68 ns	4.31**
N × T	12	6.63**	22.85**	7.87**	7.14**	2.34*	1.89 ns

ns: non significance.

*Significance at 0.05 probability level.

**Significance at 0.01 probability level.

Table 2. Effect of hormonal treatments (HT) on electrolyte leakage (EC₁/EC₂) and leaf proline (LP) of strawberry under salt stress.

NaCl salinity (mM)	HT (mM)	EC1/EC2 (%)	LP (µmol/g FW)
	Control	70.10 ± 6.58d	0.152 ± 0.016gh
	0.10 SA	22.17 ± 1.14g	0.074 ± 0.007 ij
	0.50 SA	24.62 ± 5.51fg	0.113 ± 0.010h–j
0	0.75 SA	27.27 ± 7.56fg	0.106 ± 0.003h–j
	0.25 MJ	35.72 ± 6.96 f	0.062 ± 0.006j
	0.50 MJ	51.12 ± 4.61e	0.060 ± 0.012 j
	0.75 MJ	29.30 ± 1.19fg	0.063 ± 0.001 j
	Control	80.25 ± 0.96cd	0.167 ± 0.019f–h
	0.10 SA	86.70 ± 7.39a–c	0.139 ± 0.002g–i
	0.50 SA	79.30 ± 6.55cd	0.148 ± 0.005gh
30	0.75 SA	73.02 ± 6.86d	0.392 ± 0.030b
	0.25 MJ	55.82 ± 5.86e	0.187 ± 0.030d–g
	0.50 MJ	86.30 ± 5.04a–c	0.102 ± 0.011h–j
	0.75 MJ	82.72 ± 5.31a–d	0.248 ± 0.009cd
	Control	87.40 ± 1.07a–c	0.218 ± 0.014d–f
	0.10 SA	88.70 ± 3.15a–c	0.198 ± 0.015d–g
	0.50 SA	94.80 ± 1.23ab	0.180 ± 0.029e–g
60	0.75 SA	91.65 ± 1.83a–c	0.773 ± 0.001a
	0.25 MJ	91.57 ± 2.08a–c	0.285 ± 0.050c
	0.50 MJ	95.07 ± 1.26a	0.140 ± 0.006gh
	0.75 MJ	81.62 ± 1.41b–d	0.242 ± 0.066c–e

Values followed by the same lowercase letters within a column are not significantly different using LSD at P ≤ 0.05.

Table 3. Effect of hormonal treatments (HT) on Na⁺ and K⁺ contents of leaves and root of strawberry under salt stress.

		Leaf		Root
NaCl salinity (mM)	HT (mM)	Na^+ (mg g^−1)	K^+ (mg g^−1)	Na^+ (mg g^−1)	K^+ (mg g^−1)
	Control	2.36 ± 0.13kl	10.24 ± 0.81 f	6.01 ± 0.11hi	4.20 ± 0.47a–c
	0.10 SA	2.23 ± 0.32kl	23.91 ± 2.27 a	4.46 ± 0.24i	3.66 ± 0.08a–e
	0.50 SA	2.96 ± 0.32 k	25.90 ± 0.25 a	6.04 ± 0.28hi	4.65 ± 0.65a
0	0.75 SA	4.46 ± 0.26j	24.97 ± 2.38a	6.28 ± 0.44hi	3.14 ± 0.26c–g
	0.25 MJ	1.50 ± 0.24i	15.69 ± 0.60b–e	5.99 ± 0.43hi	4.09 ± 0.53a–d
	0.50 MJ	1.73 ± 0.17i	16.36 ± 0.60b–e	6.22 ± 0.23hi	4.50 ± 0.38ab
	0.75 MJ	3.01 ± 0.18k	13.89 ± 1.17e	6.96 ± 0.74gi	4.46 ± 0.49ab
	Control	11.38 ± 0.12cd	16.85 ± 0.22b–e	11.07 ± 0.60d–f	3.01 ± 0.30c–g
	0.10 SA	8.53 ± 0.25g–i	17.47 ± 0.27b–d	12.02 ± 0.27c–e	4.43 ± 0.25ab
	0.50 SA	7.75 ± 0.47hi	16.93 ± 0.41b–e	11.89 ± 1.56c–e	3.99 ± 0.37a–d
30	0.75 SA	9.99 ± 0.24ef	23.77 ± 2.14a	10.99 ± 0.38d–f	2.90 ± 0.08d–g
	0.25 MJ	9.26 ± 0.75fg	15.91 ± 0.33b–e	13.33 ± 1.07a–d	3.82 ± 0.41a–d
	0.50 MJ	7.53 ± 0.86i	14.31 ± 1.12c–e	11.40 ± 0.64c–f	2.92 ± 0.38d–g
	0.75 MJ	8.87 ± 0.61f–h	16.27 ± 1.57b–e	9.65 ± 2.24e–g	2.10 ± 0.06g
	Control	12.34 ± 0.25bc	15.08 ± 0.71c–e	8.81 ± 2.77f–h	1.96 ± 0.43g
	0.10 SA	13.67 ± 0.63a	17.56 ± 0.40bc	15.61 ± 0.10a	4.07 ± 0.71a–d
	0.50 SA	13.04 ± 0.20ab	18.80 ± 2.38b	14.32 ± 1.54a–c	3.42 ± 0.83b–f
60	0.75 SA	11.15 ± 0.64de	17.16 ± 0.41b–e	12.43 ± 1.11b–e	2.42 ± 0.39fg
	0.25 MJ	11.16 ± 0.52de	16.08 ± 0.63b–e	12.05 ± 1.00c–e	3.09 ± 0.44c–g
	0.50 MJ	12.55 ± 0.07ab	14.13 ± 0.53de	15.07 ± 0.67ab	2.54 ± 0.12e–g
	0.75 MJ	12.50 ± 0.04a–c	16.54 ± 0.15b–e	13.05 ± 0.16a–d	2.12 ± 0.41g

Values followed by the same lowercase letters within a column are not significantly different using LSD at P ≤ 0.05.