https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3364-8869View further author informationFigure 1. A diagram of AMPK signaling through ULK1 and PIK3C3/VPS34 complexes in response to Salmonella infection. (a) Upon detection of bacteria-secreted outer membrane vesicles, activated AMPK promotes upregulation of pro-autophagic kinases without inducing bulk autophagy. (b) Internalized bacteria are captured and targeted for xenophagic degradation.
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