Circulating miR-448 acts as a potential diagnostic biomarker for multiple myeloma

Figures & data

Table 1. Basic clinical characteristics of all research subjects.

Characteristics	Healthy control	Newly diagnosed	Remission	Refractory	P-value
Age (years)	58.08 ± 6.76	63.17 ± 11.22	58.50 ± 10.27	60.27 ± 10.15	0.13
Gender (male)	20	21	18	17	0.57
Alb (g/L)	47.69 ± 2.33	36.17 ± 5.37	39.05 ± 3.25	36.48 ± 5.44	0.00
Hb (g/L)	147.35 ± 11.91	89.70 ± 21.18	110.77 ± 22.49	89.00 ± 17.42	0.00
Ca^2+ (mmol/L)	2.26 ± 0.11	2.37 ± 0.35	2.25 ± 0.19	2.25 ± 0.0.18	0.79
Scr (mmol/L)	62.67 ± 12.64	137.33 ± 81.38	74.98 ± 39.48	83.58 ± 51.29	0.00
LD (U/L)	219.95 ± 15.98	409.77 ± 174.68	386.97 ± 167.78	471.53 ± 189.70	0.00

Figure 1. Comparison of miR-448 expression levels among the healthy control group, newly diagnosed group, remission group and refractory group (***P < 0.001).

Table 2. Association of miR-448 expression and clinical characteristics in newly diagnosed MM patients.

Characteristics	Cases	Expression of miR-448	P-value
Age (years)			0.10
≤65	17	2.53 ± 1.16
>65	13	1.83 ± 0.81
Gender			0.24
Male	21	2.35 ± 1.03
Female	9	1.96 ± 1.15
D-S stage			0.03
I/II	8	1.56 ± 0.61
III	22	2.47 ± 1.10
ISS stage			0.29
I/II	14	2.03 ± 1.11
III	16	2.40 ± 1.03
Heavy chain			0.41
IgG	19	2.43 ± 1.12
IgA	4	1.51 ± 0.72
IgD	2	2.40 ± 1.30
No expression	5	1.96 ± 0.96
Monoclonal light chain			0.88
κ	13	2.33 ± 1.37
λ	17	2.15 ± 0.79
Kidney injury			0.62
Yes	11	2.31 ± 1.15
No	19	2.18 ± 1.04

Figure 2. The correlation of miR-448 with PC (A), MP (B), Hb (C), β2-MG (D), Alb (E) and Ca2+ (F). PC = plasma cells; MP = M protein; Hb = hemoglobin; β2-MG = β2-microglobulin; Alb = albumin; Ca²⁺ = calciumion.

Figure 3. ROC curve analysis of miR-448 expression in the plasma of multiple myeloma patients and healthy controls.

Data availability statement

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.