Analysis of clinical characteristics and prognostic factors associated with EBV-associated HLH in children

Figures & data

Figure 1. Gender and proportion of EBV-HLH and non-EBV-HLH groups.

Table 1. Comparison of clinical presentation in the EBV-HLH group and the non-EBV-HLH group.

Clinical presentation	EBV-HLH (n = 43)	Non-EBV-HLH (n = 52)	P-value
Fever	100% (43/43)	100% (52/52)	0
Hepatomegaly	90.7% (39/43)	90.4% (47/52)	.956
Splenomegaly	88.4% (38/43)	76.9% (40/52)	.147
lymph nodes enlarged	53.5% (23/43)	42.3% (22/52)	.277
Icterus	18.6% (8/43)	5.8% (3/52)	.052
Erythra	9.3% (4/43)	9.6% (5/52)	.956
Dropsy of serous cavity	9.3% (4/43)	11.5% (6/52)	.724
CNS symptom	14.0% (6/43)	3.8% (2/52)	.077

Table 2. Comparison of laboratory data in the EBV-HLH and non-EBV-HLH group.

Laboratory data	EBV-HLH (n = 43)	Non-EBV-HLH (n = 52)	P-value
WBC drop (<4.0 × 10^9/L)	74.4% (32/43)	58.5% (31/52)	.129
ANC reduction (<1.0 × 10^9/L)	34.9% (15/43)	26.9% (14/52)	.401
Anaemia (<90 g/L)	58.1% (25/43)	40.4% (21/52)	.084
PLT reduction (<100 × 10^9/L)	72.1% (31/43)	82.7% (43/52)	.215
ALT rise (100 U/L)	55.8% (24/43)	32.7% (17/52)	.023
AST increase (80 U/L)	34.9% (15/43)	32.7% (17/52)	.821
FIB reduction (1.5 g/L)	53.4% (23/43)	44.2% (23/52)	.368
ALB reduction (<30 g/L)	60.5% (26/43)	48.1% (25/52)	.228
TG rise (3.0 mmol/L)	37.2% (16/43)	30.7% (16/52)	.508
Elevated LDH (245 U/L)	53.5% (23/43)	43.3% (22/52)	.277
Elevated TBIL (17.1 mmol/L)	79.1% (34/43)	67.3% (35/52)	.201
PT prolongation (>3 s)	18.6% (8/43)	13.5% (7/52)	.494
APTT prolongation (>10 s)	46.5% (20/43)	21.1% (11/52)	.008
SF rise (>500 µg/L)	23.3% (10/43)	36.9% (14/52)	.681
Hemophagocytic phenomenon	76.7% (33/43)	69.2% (36/52)	.413

Table 3. Laboratory results of the EBV-HLH group and non-EBV-HLH about laboratory results.

Characteristic	β	SE	OR	P-value	95% CI
					Lower	Upper
Age	−0.070	0.070	0.932	.318	0.813	1.070
Hb	0.004	0.014	1.004	.761	0.977	1.032
PLT	−0.001	0.003	0.999	.854	0.994	1.005
ANC	0.382	0.177	1.466	.031*	1.036	2.074
ALT	−0.001	0.002	0.999	.602	0.996	1.002
AST	0.000	0.002	1.000	.817	0.994	1.004
LDH	0.000	0.000	1.000	.259	1.001	1.001
TBIL	0.005	0.006	1.005	.413	0.993	1.017
ALB	0.064	0.045	1.006	.159	0.975	1.164
SF	0.000	0.000	1.000	.385	1.000	1.000
FIB	0.395	0.281	1.485	.159	0.857	2.574
TG	−0.274	0.219	0.763	.036*	0.593	0.983
Hemophagocytic phenomenon	−0.291	0.580	0.748	.616	0.240	2.329

*P < .05.

Table 4. Laboratory results and remission rate in 43 EBV-HLH cases.

Laboratory data	Average value	Median	P-vale
ALT	221.52 U/L	197.00 U/L	.333
AST	250.48 U/L	202.00 U/L	.450
LDH	1369.81 U/L	1134.50 U/L	.880
TBIL	28.39 μmol/L	15.70 μmol/L	.042*
ALB	29.79 g/L	28.55 g/L	.364
TG	4.40 mmol/L	3.50 mmol/L	.009*
PT	19.36 s	12.80 s	.786
APTT	33.20 s	31.75 s	.202
FIB	1.52 g/L	1.40 g/L	.546
SF	9128.21 μg/mL	3016.00 μg/mL	.008*
SIl2R	11,170.90 U/mL	7600.00 U/mL	.152
IL-6	47.47 pg/mL	10.60 pg/mL	.651
IL-8	32.16 pg/mL	19.50 pg/mL	.004*
IL-10	258.35 pg/mL	84.75 pg/mL	.152
NK	5.66%	3.30%	.303

*P < .05.

Table 5. Independent risk factors affecting the rate of induction remission in the EBV-HLH group.

Laboratory data	β	SE	OR	P-value	95%CI
					Lower	Upper
ALT	−0.003	0.003	0.997	.285	0.991	1.003
AST	−0.001	0.002	0.999	.584	0.995	1.003
LDH	0.000	0.000	1.000	.921	0.999	1.001
TBIL	0.027	0.013	1.027	.048*	1.000	1.054
ALB	−0.087	0.096	0.917	.366	0.759	1.107
TG	0.388	0.166	1.474	.019*	1.065	2.042
SF	0.000	0.000	1.000	.133	1.000	1.000
FIB	−0.231	0.600	0.794	.700	0.245	2.573
PT	0.012	0.013	1.012	.350	0.987	1.035
APTT	−0.004	0.037	0.996	.923	0.927	1.071
sIL2R	0.000	0.000	1.000	.200	1.000	1.000
IL-6	−0.001	0.004	0.999	.886	0.992	1.007
IL-8	0.037	0.018	1.037	.058	1.002	1.074
IL-10	0.002	0.001	1.002	.094	1.000	1.004
NK (%)	−0.101	0.110	0.904	.359	0.729	1.121

*P < .05.

Table 6. Multivariate analysis of independent risk factors affecting the rate of induction phase remission in the EBV-HLH group.

Factors	β	SE	OR	P-value	95%CI
					Lower	Upper
TBIL	0.030	0.018	1.031	.086	0.996	1.067
TG	0.447	0.184	1.563	.015*	1.089	2.244

*P < .05.

Table 7. Related laboratory results and induction period mortality in 43 EBV-HLH cases.

Laboratory data	Average value	Median	P-value
ALT	221.52 U/L	197.00 U/L	.332
AST	250.48 U/L	202.00 U/L	.332
LDH	1369.81 U/L	1134.50 U/L	.075
TBIL	28.39 μmol/L	15.70 μmol/L	.030*
ALB	29.79 g/L	28.55 g/L	.875
TG	4.40 mmol/L	3.50 mol/L	.182
PT	19.36 s	12.80 s	.314
APTT	33.20 s	31.75 s	.661
FIB	1.52 g/L	1.40 g/L	.149
SF	9128.21 μg/mL	3016.00 μg/mL	.020*
SIl2R	11,170.90 U/mL	7600.00 U/mL	.516
IL-6	47.47 pg/mL	10.60 pg/mL	.010*
IL-8	32.16 pg/mL	19.50 pg/mL	.661
IL-10	258.35 pg/mL	84.75 pg/mL	.516
NK	5.66%	3.30%	.088

*P < .05.

Data availability statement

The data are available from the corresponding author for the reasonable reason.