Leaf gas exchange, physiological growth, yield and biochemical properties of groundnut as influenced by boron in soilless culture

Figures & data

Table 1. Effect of boron on transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (g_s) and LVPD of groundnut.

	Vegetative growth stage			Reproductive growth stage
Treatments	E (mmol m^−2 s^−1)	gs (mol m^−2 s^−1)	LVPD (kPa)	E (mmol m^−2 s^−1)	gs (mol m^−2 s^−1)	LVPD (kPa)
	Boron (B)
B0	9.59 e	0.207 e	4.42 a	10.22 e	0.253 d	4.58 a
B1	10.69 de	0.333 d	3.99 b	11.47 de	0.363 c	4.18 b
B2	12.48 bc	0.427 b	3.55 c	12.84 bc	0.450 b	3.65 c
B3	15.32 a	0.520 a	3.10 d	16.07 a	0.543 a	3.22 d
B4	13.59 b	0.417 bc	2.97 d	14.04 b	0.453 b	3.06 e
B5	11.08 cd	0.357 cd	2.25 e	11.80 cd	0.377 c	2.55 f
Level of significance (P) at 5%
B	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

Notes: B₀= 0 ppm, B₁= 0.5 ppm, B₂= 1 ppm, B₃= 2 ppm, B₄= 4 ppm, B₅= 8 ppm. P = probability. Means were separated by Tukey’s test at P ≤0.05.

Figure 1. Effect of boron on net photosynthetic rate under different photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) at vegetative (A) and reproductive (B) growth stage of groundnut. B₀= 0 ppm, B₁= 0.5 ppm, B₂= 1 ppm, B₃= 2 ppm, B₄= 4 ppm, B₅= 8 ppm. Vertical bars represent the SE of the treatment means.

Table 2. Effect of boron on physiological growth of groundnut.

Treatments	LA (cm^2)	LAR (cm^2 g^−1)	LMR (g g^−1)	RGR (g g^−1 d^−1)	NAR (g cm^−2 d^−1)
	Boron (B)
B0	105.99 d	74.40 e	0.38 d	0.036 e	0.000489 b
B1	113.43 bc	79.45 cd	0.42 c	0.039 cd	0.000495 ab
B2	117.59 ab	82.41 b	0.45 bc	0.042 b	0.000510 ab
B3	122.11 a	86.11 a	0.52 a	0.046 a	0.000530 a
B4	115.127 bc	80.53 bc	0.49 ab	0.041 bc	0.000513 ab
B5	110.65 cd	77.37 d	0.44 c	0.038 de	0.000491 b
	Level of significance (P) at 5%
B	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.029

Notes: B₀= 0 ppm, B₁= 0.5 ppm, B₂= 1 ppm, B₃= 2 ppm, B₄= 4 ppm, B₅= 8 ppm. P = probability. Means were separated by Tukey’s test at P ≤ 0.05.

Table 3. Effect of boron on yield and yield contributing characters of groundnut.

Treatments	No. of peg	No. of pod	100 Seed weight (g)	Pod weight plant^−1 (gm)	Shelling %	HI (%)
	Boron (B)
B0	32.67 d	60.33 e	85.33 d	55.09 e	63.94 e	30.71 e
B1	36.33 c	64.00 d	88.33 c	57.50 d	67.68 d	35.62 d
B2	41.00 b	71.33 bc	93.67 b	62.58 bc	71.73 bc	39.34 bc
B3	46.66 a	78.00 a	99.33 a	67.49 a	75.89 a	43.32 a
B4	43.33 b	73.67 b	96.00 b	64.06 b	73.73 b	41.30 ab
B5	38.33 c	68.67 c	90.33 c	60.83 c	69.73 c	37.32 cd
	Level of significance (P) at 5%
B	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

Notes: B₀= 0 ppm, B₁= 0.5 ppm, B₂= 1 ppm, B₃= 2 ppm, B₄= 4 ppm, B₅= 8 ppm. P = probability. Means were separated by Tukey’s test at P ≤ .05.

Table 4. Effect of boron on biochemical properties of groundnut.

Treatments	Protein (%)	Oil (%)	Vitamin E (mg/100 g)
	Boron (B)
B0	32.27 e	44.39 e	5.47 d
B1	33.49 d	46.41 d	6.57 c
B2	35.73 c	48.31 c	7.04 c
B3	38.36 ab	51.71 b	7.73 b
B4	40.32 a	53.78 a	9.27 a
B5	37.10 bc	50.22 b	8.67 a
	Level of significance (P) at 5%
B	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

Notes: B₀= 0 ppm, B₁= 0.5 ppm, B₂= 1 ppm, B₃= 2 ppm, B₄= 4 ppm, B₅= 8 ppm. P = probability. Means were separated by Tukey’s test at P ≤ .05.