Insect and fish by-products as sustainable alternatives to conventional animal proteins in animal nutrition

Figures & data

Table 1. SWOT analysis: Internal (Strengths and Weaknesses) and External (Opportunities and Threats) factors on the use of insects as protein source for animal feeds.

	Strengths	Weaknesses
Internal origin	Composition Shaping insect nutrient profile Content of nutrients and bioactive compounds	Market price PUFA and minerals Research & Development
	Opportunities	Threats
External origin	Insects for organic waste valorisation Food vs Feed Lifting insects’ ban Scaling up insect production Live insect larvae	Legal framework Risk related to insect uses Welfare Safety and legislation

Table 2. Insect and fish animal protein main exemptions and derogations.

	Intended For
	Ruminants	Un-weaned Ruminants	Non Ruminants	Fish	Pet and Fur Animals
Insect PAP	NA	NA	NA	A	A
Fish meal	NA	A	A	A	A

A: authorised; PAP: processed animal protein; NA: not authorised.

Table 3. SWOT analysis: Internal (Strengths and Weaknesses) and External (Opportunities and Threats) factors on the use of by-products deriving from fishery and aquaculture as protein source for animal feeds.

	Strengths	Weaknesses
Internal origin	Composition Protein and nutrients source Bioactive compounds and feed additives	Low exploitation Nuisances Processing techniques and product quality Management of seafood by-products
	Opportunities	Threats
External origin	Waste reduction Bioactive compounds Novel food & feed ingredients Safety & legislation	Short shelf-life