Genetic variability of milk proteins in two cattle breeds of Piedmont region and the potential effects on milk quality

Figures & data

Figure 1. Results of the analysis of 8 individual milk samples by the isoelectrofocusing (IEF) technique. The dots represent the IEF patterns corresponding to the B (black), C (grey) and G (white) variants.

Table 1. Comparison between the allelic frequencies of the main milk protein in Piedmontese (PI), and Barà-Pustertaler (BP) breeds analysed within the present work and Italian Holstein (IH), Italian Brown (IB), and Reggiana (RE) breeds (Caroli et al. 2004; Chessa et al. 2020).

		Frequencies
Locus	allele	PI	BP	IH^a		IB	RE
CSN1S1	B	0.855	0.821	0.995	–	0.912	0.753
	C	0.144	0.171	0.005	–	0.077	0.244
	G	–	0.007	–		–	–
	D	–	–	–		–	0.003
	F	–	–	–		0.011	–
CSN2	A1	0.285	0.400	0.392	0.365	0.108	0.208
	A2	0.500	0.435	0.533	0.564	0.699	0.453
	A3	–	–	0.005	0.002	–	–
	B	0.207	0.164	0.070	0.028	0.185	0.287
	C	0.007	–	–	–	0.008	0.052
CSN3	A	0.588	0.649	0.725	0.572	0.347	0.481
	B	0.411	0.350	0.172	0.322	0.650	0.519
	C	–	–	–	–	0.003	–
	E	–	–	0.103	0.106	–	–
LGB	A	0.429	0.400	0.436		0.347	0.558
	B	0.570	0.600	0.564		0.653	0.442
	D	–	–	–		–	–

^a From Chessa et al. (2020) only data about IH CSN2 and CSN3 could be reported.

Table 2. Comparison between the casein haplotype frequencies in Piedmontese (PI), and Barà-Pustertaler (BP) breeds analysed within the present work and Italian Holstein (IH), Italian Brown (IB), and Reggiana (RE) breeds (Caroli et al. 2004; Chessa et al. 2020).

	Frequencies
Haplotypes	PI	BP	IH^a		IB	RE
BA1A	0.161	0.242	0.239	0.274	0.103	0.083
BA1B	0.080	0.112	0.066	0.083	0.005	0.116
BA1E	–	–	0.087	0.063	–	–
BA2A	0.191	0.186	0.479	0.474	0.094	0.182
BA2B	0.208	0.131	0.038	0.075	0.511	0.035
BA2E	–	–	0.017	0.000	–	–
BBA	0.162	0.105	0.001	–	0.114	0.199
BBB	0.050	0.043	0.069	0.012	0.066	0.086
BCA	0.003	–	–	–	0.005	0.001
BCB	0.001	–	–	–	0.011	0.051
CA1A	0.030	0.026	0.001	–	0.000	0.006
CA1B	0.009	0.015	0.000	–	0.000	0.003
CA2A	0.037	0.075	0.002	–	0.029	0.008
CA2B	0.056	0.038	0.001	–	0.048	0.227
CBA	0.001	0.008	0.000	–	0.001	0.001
CBB	0.003	0.006	0.000	–	0.000	0.000
CCA	0.001	–	–	–	–	–
CCB	0.000	–	–	–	–	–
GA1A	–	0.003	–	–	–	–
GA2A	–	0.003	–	–	–	–

^aData about IH from Chessa et al. (2020) were reported in the second column considering CSN1S1 as B (not genotyped) and including B-I-B haplotype as B-A₂-B since by isoelectrofocusing β-casein I variant is genotypes as A₂.

Caroli AM, Chessa S, Bolla P, Budelli E, Gandini GC. 2004. Genetic structure of milk protein polymorphisms and effects on milk production traits in a local dairy cattle. J Anim Breed Genet. 121:122–125.

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