Incidence of potentially toxigenic fungi in maize (Zea mays L.) grain used as food and animal feed

Figures & data

Figure 1. Development of mycoflora in white maize grains cultivated in Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.

Figura 1. Desarrollo de micobiota en granos de maíz blanco cultivado en Río Bravo, Tamaulipas, México.

Table 1. Percentage of mycoflora isolated from maize grain samples collected at Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Tabla 1. Porcentaje de micobiota aislada de muestras de grano de maíz colectadas en Río Bravo, Tamaulipas, México.

Grain color	Fusarium verticillioides	Penicillium spp.	Other Fusarium	Aspergillus flavus	Aspergillus niger	Healthy grain
Yellow	39.29 a*	10.09 a	0.31 a	13.49 a	11.46 a	25.30 b
White	25.98 b	19.42 b	1.16 a	6.45 b	8.90 a	38.10 a
*Maize grain colors with same letters in each column (fungi) are statistically similar according to Tukey's at P < 0.05.
Percentages represent the average infection observed in 400 data grain sample for each genotype in each grain color.

Figure 2. Development of mycoflora in yellow maize grains cultivated in Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.

Figura 2. Desarrollo de micobiota en granos de maíz amarillo cultivado en Río Bravo, Tamaulipas, México.

Table 2. Percentage of mycoflora isolated from yellow maize grain hybrids that were evaluated at Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Tabla 2. Porcentaje de micobiota aislada de híbridos de maíz de grano amarillo que fueron evaluados en Río Bravo, Tamaulipas, México.

Genotype	Fusarium Verticillioides	Penicillium spp.	Other Fusarium	Aspergillus flavus	Aspergillus niger
DK 697	77.29 a*	0 b	0 b	4.61 a	1.5 bc
DK 1060	34.71 cd	5.89 ab	0 b	4.76 a	4.38 abc
GARST 8222IT	52.63 bc	9.65 a	0 b	14.66 a	0.75 c
GARST 8285	53.48 bc	5.49 ab	0 b	11.58 a	0.88 c
GARST 8288	49.25 bd	4.51 ab	0 b	8.28 a	13.12 a
ASGROW 7573Y	28.95 d	9.9 a	0 b	6.23 a	1.76 abc
N83-N5	54.36 bc	3.01 ab	0 b	6.52 a	4.26 abc
G ACRES 8112	57.09 bc	3.86 ab	2.38 ab	4.74 a	3.01 abc
G ACRES 8311	47.07 bd	6.94 ab	0 b	2.26 a	7.64 abc
G ACRES 8460	53.38 bc	3.51 ab	0.75 ab	3.38 a	2.63 abc
PIONEER 31R88	60.16 ab	14.06 a	0 b	3.26 a	12.63 ab
PIONEER 31G98	47.86 bd	1.76 ab	3.01 a	12.16 a	2.51 abc
*Genotypes with the same letter in each column (fungi) have statistically similar fungal infection according to Tukey's P < 0.05.
Percentages are the average of 400 data grain sample in each genotype.

Table 3. Percentage of mycoflora isolated from white maize grain hybrids that were evaluated at Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Tabla 3. Porcentaje de micobiota aislada de híbridos de maíz de grano blanco que fueron evaluados en Río Bravo, Tamaulipas, México.

Genotype	Fusarium verticillioides	Penicillium spp.	Other Fusarium	Aspergillus flavus	Aspergillus niger
ASGROW TIGRE	22.56 b*	0.88 cd	0 a	1.05 ab	2.63 ab
ASGROW PUMA	37.19 ab	10.38 ab	6.77 a	2.38 ab	4.56 ab
INIFAP H-439	24.56 b	0 d	4.51 a	7.52 a	11.16 a
INIFAP H-437	32.46 ab	9.64 bc	0 a	2.5 ab	2.63 ab
ASGROW 7573W	36.46 ab	0.88 bc	5.26 a	4.76 ab	2.51 ab
DK 2010	33.08 ab	8.77 bc	0.75 a	5.14 ab	2.98 ab
INIFAP H-436	36.96 ab	10.26 ab	0.75 a	0 b	0 b
PIONEER 3025	34.21 ab	14.54 a	0.75 a	6.51 a	5.39 ab
UAP 1790W	55.64 a	5.49 bcd	0 a	1.05 ab	0 b
UAP 1851W	39.22 ab	12.28 ab	0.75 a	0 b	1.75 ab
*Genotypes with the same letter in each column (fungi) have statistically similar fungal infection according to Tukey's P < 0.05.
Percentages are the average of 400 data grain sample in each genotype.