Exploring relationships between a teacher’s race-ethnicity and gender and student teaching expectations

Figures & data

Table 1. Percentages and frequencies by student race-ethnicity and gender

	Student gender
Student race-ethnicity	Male	Female	Row Total
White	.56	.53	.54
	(388)	(486)	(874)
Black	.10	.11	.10
	(66)	(102)	(168)
Hispanic	.14	.14	.14
	(99)	(133)	(232)
Other	.20	.22	.21
	(143)	(204)	(347)
Column Totals	100%	100%	100%
	(696)	(925)	(1,621)

Number of responses appears in parentheses. Percentages reflect rounding. A total of 3 non-responses. Non-responses are excluded from data results.

Table 2. Percentages and frequencies by teacher race-ethnicity and gender

	Teacher gender
Teacher race-ethnicity	Male	Female	Row Totals
White	.78	.80	.80
	(372)	(914)	(1,286)
Black	.15	.07	.09
	(73)	(76)	(149)
Hispanic	.002	.05	.04
	(1)	(59)	(60)
Other	.06	.08	.07
	(29)	(92)	(121)
Column Totals	99%	100%	100%
	(475)	(1,141)	(1,616)

e. Number of responses appears in parentheses. Percentages reflect rounding. A total of 8 non-responses. Non-responses are excluded from data results.

Table 3. Cramér’s V index for relationship/association strength

Cramér’s V	Relationship/Association description
.00 and under.10	Negligible Association
.10 and under.20	Weak Association
.20 and under.40	Moderate Association
.40 and under.60	Relatively Strong Association
.60 and under.80	Strong Association
.80 to 1.00	Very Strong Association

Adapted from Rea and Parker (1992) p. 203

Table 4. Students teaching expectations by teacher race-ethnicity

	Teacher race-ethnicity
Student teaching expectations	White	Black	Hispanic	All other races	Row Totals
Positive expectations	.91	.93	.93	.93	.91
	(1,169)	(138)	(56)	(113)	(1,476)
Negative expectations	.01	0	.02	.01	.01
	(13)	(0)	(1)	(1)	(15)
Not sure what to expect	.07	.07	.05	.06	.07
	(93)	(10)	(3)	(7)	(113)
Column Totals	99%	100%	100%	100%	99%
	(1,275)	(148)	(60)	(121)	(1,604)
Chi-squared = 60.70 Degrees of freedom = 24 Cramér’s V =.11 Prob. = <.01

Number of responses appears in parentheses. Percentages reflect rounding. A total of 6 non-responses. Non-responses are excluded from data results.

Table 5. White students teaching expectations by teacher race-ethnicity

	Teacher race-ethnicity
White students teaching expectations	White	Black	Hispanic	All other races	Row Totals
Positive expectation	.93	.93	.94	.92	.93
	(652)	(78)	(33)	(45)	(808)
Negative expectations	.01	0	.03	0	.01
	(5)	(0)	(1)	(0)	(6)
Not sure what to expect	.06	.07	.03	.08	.06
	(42)	(6)	(1)	(4)	(53)
Column Totals	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
	(699)	(84)	(35)	(49)	(867)
Chi-squared = 58.97 Degrees of freedom = 24 Cramér’s V =.15 Prob. = <.01

Number of responses appears in parentheses. Percentages reflect rounding. A total of 3 non-responses. Non-responses are excluded from data results.

Table 6. Hispanic students teaching expectations by teacher race-ethnicity

	Teacher race-ethnicity
Hispanic students teaching expectations	White	Black	Hispanic	All other races	Total
Positive expectations	.90	.96	.875	.93	.91
	(166)	(22)	(7)	(13)	(208)
Negative expectations	.02	0	0	.07	.02
	(3)	(0)	(0)	(1)	(4)
Not sure what to expect	.08	.04	.125	0	.07
	(15)	(1)	(1)	(0)	(17)
Total	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
	(184)	(23)	(8)	(14)	(229)
Chi-squared = 60.40 Degrees of freedom = 18 Cramér’s V =.30 Prob. = <.01

Number of responses appears in parentheses. Percentages reflect rounding. A total of 3 non-responses. Non-responses are excluded from data results.

Table 7. White, female students teaching expectations by teacher race-ethnicity

	Teacher race-ethnicity
White, female students teaching expectations	White	Black	Hispanic	All other races	Total
Positive expectations	.94	.96	1.00	.90	.94
	(357)	(48)	(20)	(28)	(453)
Negative expectations	.01	0	0	0	.01
	(3)	(0)	(0)	(0)	(3)
Not sure what to expect	.06	.04	0	.1	.05
	(21)	(2)	(0)	(3)	(26)
Total	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
	(381)	(50)	(20)	(31)	(484)
Chi-squared = 87.79 Degrees of freedom = 21 Cramér’s V =.25 Prob. = <.01

Number of responses appears in parentheses. Percentages reflect rounding. A total of 3 non-responses. Non-responses are excluded from data results.

Table 8. Hispanic, male students teaching expectations by teacher race-ethnicity

	Teacher race-ethnicity
Hispanic, male students teaching expectations	White	Black	Hispanic	All other races	Total
Positive expectations	.94	1.00	1.00	.875	.94
	(73)	(11)	(1)	(7)	(92)
Negative expectations	0	0	0	.125	.01
	(0)	(0)	(0)	(1)	(1)
Not sure what to expect	.06	0	0	0	.05
	(5)	(0)	(0)	(0)	(5)
Total	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
	(78)	(11)	(1)	(8)	(98)
Chi-squared = 100.55 Degrees of freedom = 18 Cramér’s V =.58 Prob. = <.01

Number of responses appears in parentheses. Percentages reflect rounding. A total of 1 non-response. The non-response is excluded from data results.

Table 9. Intersectional characteristics: student teaching expectations by student and teacher race-ethnicity and gender

	Teacher race-ethnicity and gender
Black, male students teaching expectations	White male teachers	White, male students teaching expectations	Hispanic female teachers
Positive expectations	.85	Positive expectations	.86
	(11)		(12)
Negative expectations	0	Negative expectations	.07
	(0)		(1)
Not sure what to expect	.15	Not sure what to expect	.07
	(2)		(1)
Total	100%	Total	100%
	(13)		(14)
Chi-squared = 6.07 Degrees of freedom = 2 Cramér’s V =.30 Prob. = <.05		Chi-squared = 7.79 Degrees of freedom = 3 Cramér’s V =.14 Prob. = <.05

Number of responses appears in parentheses. Percentages reflect rounding. A total of 1 non-response for black, male students. The non-response is excluded from data results.

Rea, L. M., & Parker, R. A. (1992). Designing and conducting survey research. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

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