Fungi in the healthy human gastrointestinal tract

Figures & data

Table 1. Most commonly-detected fungi in gut mycobiome studies.

Taxon^a	# studies (%)^b	# samples (%)^c	References
Candida	32 (86%)	68 (80%)
Candida albicans	26 (70%)	18 (21%)	^3,9,22,23,31-33,41-44,46,54-57,59,60-63,65,66,68,69
Candida tropicalis	17 (46%)	57 (67%)	^3,22,23,29,30-33,42,44,51,54,55,60,61,62,68
Candida parapsilosis	13 (35%)	2 (2%)	^9,22,30-33,42,55,60,61,63,67,68,69
Candida glabrata	12 (32%)	0	^3,31,41,43,44,46,54,55,59,60,61,63
Candida krusei	10 (27%)	0	^3,23,31-33,44,45,54,55,60,63
Candida lusitaniae	6 (16%)	0	^30,33,43,54,55,60
Saccharomyces	20 (54%)	5 (6%)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	20 (54%)	5 (6%)	^9,22,23,30,33,34,41-45,51,54,58,59,61-64,69
Penicillium	14 (38%)	17 (20%)	^9,22,42,69d
Penicillium aff. commune	10 (27%)	10 (12%)	^23,29,31,41,43,44,51,58,62,67
Aspergillus	12 (32%)	20 (24%)	^22,23,42,43,51,58,62
Aspergillus aff. versicolor	5 (14%)	0	^9,29,31,44,67
Cryptococcus	10 (27%)	3 (4%)	^3,22,23,30,31,41,42,60-62
Malassezia	11 (30%)	21 (25%)	^69
Malassezia globosa	8 (22%)	1 (1%)	^23,29,30,34,42,43,45,58
Malassezia restricta	7 (19%)	20 (24%)	^22,23,29,30,43,45,58
Malassezia pachydermatis	6 (16%)	1 (1%)	^23,29,43,44,45,58
Cladosporium	10 (27%)	15 (18%)
Cladosporium aff. herbarum	10 (27%)	18 (21%)	^22,23,30,31,32,41,43,58,61,67
Galactomyces	8 (22%)	8 (9%)	^60
Galactomyces geotrichum	7 (19%)	7 (8%)	^9,22,29,41,43,44,45
Debaryomyces	8 (22%)	18 (21%)
Debaryomyces hansenii	7 (19%)	18 (21%)	^22,23,30,34,43,54,59
Trichosporon	6 (17%)	8 (9%)	^22,30,33,41,43,45

Notes.

^a Bold type and left justified refers to the genus as a whole; right justified italics indicates individual species.

^b Based on 37 papers giving species-level identifications, published between 1917–2016.

^c Based on 85 samples published in refs.^22,23

^d References for genus are only given if they are distinct from species references for that genus.

Table 2. Most common taxa in vegetarian and conventional diet samples.

Genus	Vegetarian	Conventional
Fusarium	14 (88%)	2 (3%)
Candida	10 (63%)	58 (84%)
Malassezia	13 (81%)	8 (12%)
Penicillium	12 (75%)	1 (1%)
Aspergillus	11 (68%)	4 (6%)
Geotrichum	ND	32 (46%)
Pichia	1 (6%)	11 (16%)
Cladosporium	4 (25%)	11 (16%)

Note. Data from refs.^22,23

Sokol H, Leducq V, Aschard H, Pham HP, Jegou S, Landman C, Cohen D, Liguori G, Bourrier A, Nion-Larmurier I, et al. Fungal microbiota dysbiosis in IBD. Gut 2016; [epub ahead of print]; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310746

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Khatib R, Riederer KM, Ramanathan J, Baran J, Jr. Fecal fungal flora in healthy volunteers and inpatients. Mycoses 2001; 44:151-6; PMID:11486452; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0507.2001.00639.x

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar