Targeting Rac1 for the prevention of atherosclerosis among U.S. Veterans with inflammatory bowel disease

Figures & data

Table 1. Sample attrition

Inclusion criteria	N
Patients with a IBD diagnosis	119,281
Patients without treatment prior to Dx	117,175
Patients no PAD prior to	100,159
Patients with at least 1 year of follow-up	91,938

This table displays the inclusion criteria and the subsequent sample size resulting in the final sample size of 91,938.

Table 2. Baseline sample characteristics

		Biologics	Methotrexate	Control	Thiopurines		Maximum Absolute standardized difference
	Variable	N = 2,862	N = 820	N = 79,600	N = 8,116	P-value†
Age		44.93 (16.08)	51.42 (15.31)	53.03 (15.83)	50.29 (16.36)	<0.001	0.507
Race	Black	390 (13.63%)	129 (15.73%)	17,592 (22.1%)	925 (11.4%)	<0.001	0.263
	Other/unknown	153 (5.35%)	61 (7.44%)	8269 (10.39%)	738 (9.09%)		0.166
	White	2319 (81.03%)	630 (76.83%)	53,739 (67.51%)	6453 (79.51%)		0.291
Sex	Female	341 (11.91%)	106 (12.93%)	7458 (9.37%)	671 (8.27%)	<0.001	0.16
	Male	2521 (88.09%)	714 (87.07%)	72,142 (90.63%)	7445 (91.73%)		0.16
BMI	<18.5	43 (1.5%)	9 (1.1%)	1068 (1.34%)	159 (1.96%)	<0.001	0.073
	18.5–24.9	854 (29.84%)	206 (25.12%)	21,176 (26.6%)	2410 (29.69%)		0.106
	25–29.9	1076 (37.6%)	344 (41.95%)	31,123 (39.1%)	3144 (38.74%)		0.089
	30+	876 (30.61%)	259 (31.59%)	25,659 (32.23%)	2364 (29.13%)		0.067
	Missing	13 (0.45%)	2 (0.24%)	574 (0.72%)	39 (0.48%)		0.057
Charlson comorbidity		0.24 (0.75)	0.36 (0.95)	0.62 (1.44)	0.22 (0.7)	<0.001	0.29
Smoking		976 (34.1%)	340 (41.46%)	33,454 (42.03%)	3035 (37.4%)	<0.001	0.161
Hypertension		316 (11.04%)	139 (16.95%)	17,833 (22.4%)	1015 (12.51%)	<0.001	0.277
Chronic kidney disease		21 (0.73%)	6 (0.73%)	1018 (1.28%)	37 (0.46%)	<0.001	0.076
Hyperlipidaemia		319 (11.15%)	122 (14.88%)	15,317 (19.24%)	865 (10.66%)	<0.001	0.221
Diabetes		153 (5.35%)	55 (6.71%)	7466 (9.38%)	403 (4.97%)	<0.001	0.155
Year		2011.67 (5.2)	2007.16 (5.75)	2007.55 (5.76)	2006.64 (5.4)	<0.001	0.872

† P-values are from either the chi-square test(for categorical variables) or anova model (continuous variables).

Table 3. Weighted Sample Characteristics

Variable		Biologics	Methotrexate	No medication	Thiopurines	Maximum absolute standard difference
Age		50.66	52.13	52.12	52.11	0.092
Race	Black	19%	19%	20%	19%	0.040
	Other/unknown	8%	9%	10%	10%	0.054
	White	73%	72%	70%	71%	0.067
Sex	Female	9%	9%	9%	9%	0.008
	Male	91%	91%	91%	91%	0.008
BMI	<18.5	1%	1%	1%	1%	0.026
	18.5–24.9	27%	26%	27%	27%	0.038
	25–29.9	38%	40%	39%	39%	0.031
	30+	33%	33%	32%	32%	0.029
	Missing	0%	0%	1%	1%	0.083
Charlson comorbidity		0.34	0.42	0.53	0.46	0.143
Smoking		41%	41%	41%	40%	0.014
Hypertension		19%	18%	20%	19%	0.050
Chronic kidney disease		1%	1%	1%	1%	0.027
Hyperlipidaemia		16%	16%	17%	17%	0.045
Diabetes		7%	8%	8%	8%	0.035
Year		2008.04	2007.49	2007.63	2007.7	0.095

Table 4. Time-dependent cox proportional hazards model: Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals

	ASCVD coding		All atherosclerosis/PVD diagnosis		Coronary atherosclerosis/PVD diagnosis
	Original	IPTW weighted	Original	IPTW weighted	Original	IPTW weighted
Biologics	0.972 (0.839–1.125)	0.901 (0.858–0.946)	0.943 (0.8–1.11)	0.95 (0.779–1.16)	0.95 (0.81–1.11)	0.93 (0.77–1.12)
Methotrexate	1.037 (0.854–1.26)	0.987 (0.944–1.032)	1.02 (0.824–1.263)	0.961 (0.769–1.201)	0.99 (0.81–1.22)	0.95 (0.77–1.17)
Thiopurines	0.925 (0.87–0.984)	0.934 (0.896–0.975)	0.933 (0.874–0.997)	0.92 (0.852–0.993)	0.88 (0.83–0.94)	0.87 (0.81–0.94)
Age	1.039 (1.038–1.041)	1.039 (1.037–1.04)	1.043 (1.042–1.045)	1.043 (1.039–1.048)	1.04 (1.04–1.04)	1.04 (1.04–1.05)
Race other/unknown vs. black	0.697 (0.654–0.744)	0.73 (0.679–0.784)	0.77 (0.715–0.829)	0.743 (0.547–1.009)	0.74 (0.70–0.80)	0.80 (0.60–1.06)
white vs. black	0.973 (0.937–1.01)	0.981 (0.939–1.023)	1.081 (1.035–1.13)	1.039 (0.854–1.263)	1.06 (1.02–1.10)	1.07 (0.90–1.27)
Male	1.322 (1.235–1.414)	1.131 (1.056–1.211)	1.697 (1.557–1.85)	1.782 (1.359–2.337)	1.65 (1.52–1.78)	1.73 (1.34–2.23)
BMI 18.5–24.9 vs <18.5	0.893 (0.778–1.025)	0.977 (0.832–1.147)	0.883 (0.753–1.034)	0.912 (0.544–1.531)	0.86 (0.74–0.99)	1.05 (0.72–1.53)
25–29.9 vs <18.5	0.99 (0.864–1.136)	0.985 (0.84–1.155)	1.002 (0.856–1.173)	0.987 (0.59–1.651)	0.96 (0.83–1.10)	1.22 (0.84–1.78)
30+ vs. <18.5	1.17 (1.019–1.342)	1.085 (0.924–1.274)	1.269 (1.084–1.486)	1.265 (0.758–2.114)	1.20 (1.04–1.38)	1.48 (1.02–2.15)
Missing vs. <18.5	0.711 (0.539–0.937)	0.745 (0.535–1.039)	0.686 (0.495–0.95)	1.058 (0.449–2.494)	0.66 (0.49–0.89)	1.09 (0.51–2.34)
Charlson comorbidity	1.042 (1.03–1.053)	1.052 (1.037–1.067)	1.037 (1.025–1.05)	1.042 (0.979–1.108)	1.05 (1.03–1.06)	1.05 (0.99–1.11)
Smoking	1.497 (1.452–1.544)	1.52 (1.47–1.572)	1.506 (1.455–1.559)	1.632 (1.433–1.859)	1.52 (1.48–1.57)	1.70 (1.51–1.92)
Hypertension	1.351 (1.303–1.4)	1.147 (1.1–1.195)	1.329 (1.277–1.383)	1.004 (0.848–1.188)	1.33 (1.28–1.38)	1.06 (0.91–1.24)
Chronic kidney disease	1.328 (1.171–1.506)	1.443 (1.24–1.679)	1.352 (1.188–1.539)	1.166 (0.691–1.969)	1.33 (1.18–1.50)	1.16 (0.71–1.88)
Hyperlipidaemia	1.061 (1.019–1.104)	1.067 (1.02–1.117)	1.062 (1.016–1.109)	1.145 (0.965–1.358)	1.05 (1.01–1.10)	1.17 (0.99–1.38)
Diabetes	1.445 (1.375–1.518)	1.455 (1.375–1.541)	1.477 (1.4–1.559)	1.435 (1.143–1.801)	1.56 (1.49–1.64)	1.38 (1.11–1.71)
Year	0.984 (0.98–0.987)	1.004 (1–1.008)	0.998 (0.994–1.002)	1.014 (0.999–1.03)	0.98 (0.97–0.98)	1.00 (0.98–1.01)

PVD: peripheral vascular disease.

Data availability statement

Analyses of the Veterans Health Administration Database were performed using data within the US Department of Veterans Affairs secure research environment, the VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI) and cannot be extracted. All relevant data outputs are within the paper.