Figures & data
Figure 1. Different exogenous and endogenous RNA species induce the innate immune system via TLR, RIG-I and MDA5 resulting in cytokine and interferon signaling. The main ERV RNA species inducing the immune response include dsRNA and ssRNA. RIG-I, retinoic acid inducible gene-1 (or RARRES3); MAVS, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (or IPS1); TLR, toll-like receptor; MyD88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88; MDA5, melanoma differentiation-associated 5 (or IFIH1); LGP2, laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (or DHX58); TRIF, TIR domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon-β (or TICAM1); NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells; IRF, interferon regulatory factor; IFN, interferon.
