1,844
Views
28
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Author's View

Unraveling the molecular pathways of DNA-methylation inhibitors: human endogenous retroviruses induce the innate immune response in tumors

, , &
Article: e1122160 | Received 12 Nov 2015, Accepted 17 Nov 2015, Published online: 29 Apr 2016

Figures & data

Figure 1. Different exogenous and endogenous RNA species induce the innate immune system via TLR, RIG-I and MDA5 resulting in cytokine and interferon signaling. The main ERV RNA species inducing the immune response include dsRNA and ssRNA. RIG-I, retinoic acid inducible gene-1 (or RARRES3); MAVS, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (or IPS1); TLR, toll-like receptor; MyD88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88; MDA5, melanoma differentiation-associated 5 (or IFIH1); LGP2, laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (or DHX58); TRIF, TIR domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon-β (or TICAM1); NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells; IRF, interferon regulatory factor; IFN, interferon.

Figure 1. Different exogenous and endogenous RNA species induce the innate immune system via TLR, RIG-I and MDA5 resulting in cytokine and interferon signaling. The main ERV RNA species inducing the immune response include dsRNA and ssRNA. RIG-I, retinoic acid inducible gene-1 (or RARRES3); MAVS, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (or IPS1); TLR, toll-like receptor; MyD88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88; MDA5, melanoma differentiation-associated 5 (or IFIH1); LGP2, laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (or DHX58); TRIF, TIR domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon-β (or TICAM1); NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells; IRF, interferon regulatory factor; IFN, interferon.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.