https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6471-1424
Figures & data
Figure 1. Inhibition of NK cell-mediated anti-tumor response by tumor microenvironment.
The tumor microenvironment inhibits NK cell activation and functions through various mechanisms: a) Production of soluble factors (cytokines, chemokines, and tumor metabolites); b) Generation of hypoxic conditions; c) Increment of IC/IC-ligand interactions; d) Release of soluble activating receptors by metalloproteases; e) Release of soluble ligands for activating NK receptors. Abbreviations: CAF, cancer-associated fibroblasts; IC, immune checkpoint; iKIR, inhibitory killer Ig-like receptors; MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cells; NK, natural killer cells; TAM, tumor-associated macrophages; Tregs, regulatory T cells. Figure contains modified images from Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com) licensed by the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Figure 2. PD-L1 immunohistochemical expression in lung adenocarcinoma and contribution of NK cells in the anti-tumor response against HLA-Ineg tumor cells.
a) In the presence of low PD-L1 expression (around 2%) on tumor cells, NK cells can kill HLA-Ineg tumor cells without any mAb-mediated blockade; b) In the presence of high PD-L1 expression (around 80%) on tumor cells, NK cells can kill HLA-Ineg tumor cells only upon mAb-mediated blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Figure contains modified images from Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com) licensed by a Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
