Capecitabine-loaded nanoniosomes and evaluation of anticancer efficacy

Figures & data

Table 1. Cytotoxicity effects of some anticancer drugs-loaded niosomes.

Drug	Cell line	IC50	Reference
Tamoxifen	Human breast cancer cell line (MCF7)	8.78 mg·mL^−1	[21]
Artemisinin	Human breast cancer cell line (MCF7)	5.45 μmol·L^−1	[23]
Paclitaxel	Human breast cancer cell line (MCF7)	24 μmol·L^−1	[24]
Cisplatin	Human breast cancer cell line (BT-20)	92 ± 4.7 μmol·L^−1	[25]
Lycopene	Human breast cancer cell line (MCF7)	22.62 μmol·L^−1	[26]
Lycopene	Cervical cancer cell line (HeLa)	18.01 μmol·L^−1	[26]
Curcumin	Lung cancer cells (A549)	3.1 μmol·L^−1	[27]
Cisplatin	Brain cancer cell line (A172)	79.8 ± 1.14 μg·mL^−1	[28]
Vincristine	Murine lymphoma cell line (BCL-1)	1.6 μg·mL^−1	[29]
Paeonol	Human liver carcinoma cell (HepG2)	22.47 ± 0.59 μg·mL^−1	[30]
Vinblastine	Lung cancer cell (TC-1)	5.3 ± 0.2 μg·mL^−1	[31]
Gingerol	Breast cancer cell line (T47D)	0.00044 μg·μL^−1	[32]
Curcumin and doxorubicin	Cervical cancer cell line (HeLa)	1.8 μg·mL^−1	[33]
Hydroxycamptothecin	Human erythroleukemia (K562 cells)	≤0.50 μg·mL^−1	[34]
Hydroxycamptothecin	Human epidermoid carcinoma (KB cells)	8.03 μg·mL^−1	[34]
Hydroxycamptothecin	Mice Sarcoma 180 cells	11.01 μg·mL^−1	[34]
Hydroxycamptothecin	Human hepatocyte (L02 cells)	26.05 μg·mL^−1	[34]
β-carotene	Colon adenocarcinoma cells (COLO-320 HSR)	–	[35]
Cisplatin	Melanoma cell line (B16F10)	–	[36]
Doxorubicin	Human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231)	–	[37]
Curcumin	–	–	[38]
Pentoxifylline	Melanoma cell line (B16F10)	–	[39]

Figure 1. Size distribution diagrams for b-Span 20 (A1), CAP-Span 20 (A2), b-Span 60 (B1), CAP-Span 60 (B2), b-Span 65 (C1), CAP-Span 65 (C2), b-Span 80 (D1), and CAP-Span 80 (D2).

Figure 2. A FESEM image of b-Span 20.

Table 2. Droplet sizes and span values for the nanoniosomes.

Formulation	Droplet size/nm	Span value
b-Span 20	71	0.97
b-Span 60	101	0.97
b-Span 65	107	0.96
b-Span 80	62	0.97
CAP-Span 20	138	0.95
CAP-Span 60	165	0.98
CAP-Span 65	193	0.97
CAP-Span 80	106	0.97

Figure 3. A calibration curve for CAP quantitation by HPLC.

Figure 4. Release patterns of CAP from CAP-loaded nanoniosomes and a CAP aqueous solution in PBS. Inset: enlargement of the main panel.

Figure 5. Viability of MCF (A) and PANC (B) cells at different concentrations (in µg·mL⁻¹) of b-Span 20, b-Span 60, b-Span 65, b-Span 80, CAP-Span 20, CAP-Span 60, CAP-Span 65, CAP-Span 80 and solutions of CAP in PBS.

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