Recent progress in nanotechnology-based novel drug delivery systems in designing of cisplatin for cancer therapy: an overview

Figures & data

Figure 1. Nanotechnology based emerging trend of various nano-carriers reported for CDDP.

Table 1. Summary of CDDP nano-formulations under clinical trails.

Brand name	Formulation type	Administration route	Manufacturing company	Therapeutic use	Clinical trial phase	Ref.
Lipoplatin	PEGylated liposome	i.v.	Regulon Inc.	Various cancer	III	[11,12]
SPI-077	PEGylated liposome	i.v.	Alza Corporation	Head, neck lung cancer	II	[16]
NC-6004 Nanoplatin™	Polymeric Micelles	i.v.	Nano Carrier Co. Ltd. Japan	Advance or metastatic pancreatic cancer	II	[18]
L-NDDP Aroplatin™	Liposomes	i.v.	New York University School of Medicine, USA	Malignant pleural mesothelioma	II	[19]

Table 2. Detailed description of CDDP loaded polymeric nano-formulations.

Serial no.	Fabrication technique	Drug used	Particle size (nm)	ZP (mV)	%EE − DL	Characterization	Betterment application	Ref.
PLGA
1	Polymer complexation	Cisplatin	36.7 ± 8.1	−8.5 ± 1.3	19.6	In vivo and in vitro	Treatment with the CDDP-NPs improved the survival rates of tumour bearing mice	[23]
2	Double emulsion solvent evaporation method	Cisplatin/Paclitaxel	205.7 ± 2.5	−2.51	71.5 ± 2.1	In vitro	Overcome MDR and improved targeting	[24]
3	W/O/W double emulsion method	Cisplatin	190.13 ± 5.17	1.94 ± 0.23	84.51 ± 3.11	In vitro and in vivo	Improved antitumor efficacy	[25]
4	Electro hydrodynamic atomization	Cisplatin	550 ± 80	–	70	In vitro	Significantly improved anticancer efficacy of CDDP	[26]
5	Double emulsion solvent evaporation method	Cisplatin	216.26 ± 4.64	−10.38 ± 0.84	–	In vitro and in vivo	Targeted delivery to tumour tissue is successfully achieved	[27]
6	Nanoprecipitation method	Cisplatin/Docetaxel	125	–	38.84 ± 0.31	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced the therapeutic efficacy	[28]
7	W/O/W double emulsion solvent evaporation method	Cisplatin	235 ± 7.3	−14.5	78	In vitro and in vivo	Improved selective tumour targeting	[29]
8	W/O/W emulsion solvent evaporation	Cisplatin	192 ± 12	9.5 ± 0.4	70.9 ± 62.6	In vitro	Selective targeting to tumour cells	[30]
PEG
9	Thin film hydration method	Cisplatin	102.6	−47.7	–	In vitro	Synergistic treatment	[32]
10	Ring-opening Polymerization	Cisplatin	63.2. ± 5.0	−5.9 ± 3.1	47.5	In vitro and in vivo	Showed dose and time dependent cell proliferation inhibition against human breast cancer cell line ZR-75-30	[33]
11	Nanoprecipitation method	Cisplatin/ Docetaxel	187.4 ± 2.4	−25.7 ± 1.4	73.1 ± 5.8	In vitro	Targeted co delivery of CDDP-DOX	[34]
Chitosan
12	Emulsification solvent evaporation	Cisplatin	217 ± 13.54	+29.5 ± 4.04	80	In vitro	Achieved targeted delivery	[36]
13	Nanoprecipitation technique	Cisplatin	350	+30 mV	82	In vitro	Overcome resistance	[37]
14	Dialysis method	Cisplatin	450	–	57 ± 8	In vitro and in vivo	Higher anti-tumour efficacy	[38]
15	Dialysis method	Cisplatin	295.4 ± 32.9	−19.7	31.8	In vitro	Anti- tumour efficacy and reduced toxicity	[39]
Micelles
16	Dialysis method	Cisplatin	135	−17.6 mV	20.2	In vitro	Enhanced cytotoxicity	[41]
17	Complexation method	Cisplatin	52.4 ± 2.54	–	63.4	In vitro	Significant improvement in cytotoxicity	[42]
18	Dialysis Method	Cisplatin/Paclitaxel	84 ± 20	2.3 ± 1.0	50.4/95.8	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced chemotherapy efficacy and reduced side-effects.	[43]
19	Nanoprecipitation method	Cisplatin+/Docetaxel	28 ± 9	−8.1 ± 3.0	–	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced anti-cancer efficacy	[44]
20	Ion complex method	Cisplatin	102.5	−20.86	75	In vitro	Controlled release from nanoparticles	[45]
21	Precipitation and dialysis method	Cisplatin	221 ± 9	−11.1 ± 2.0	55.8 ± 1.2	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced anti-tumour efficacy	[46]
22	Ring-opening polymerization (ROP)	Cisplatin	26	−18.21	–	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced the blood circulation time of CDDP	[47]
23	Synthetic method	Cisplatin	30	−20.6	–	In vitro and in vivo	Reduced the nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity	[48]
24	Purified by ultrafiltration method	Cisplatin	28	–	39	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced antitumor activity against cell lines	[49]
Dendrimers
25	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	68.06	40.8	–	In vitro and in vivo	Targeted drug delivery	[51]
26	Synthesis method	Cisplatin/5 FU	40	–	26.64	In vitro and in vivo	Reduced the drugs toxicity	[52]
27	Synthesis method	Cisplatin/Paclitaxel	16.9 ± 4.8	3.1	92	In vitro and in vivo	Prolonged systemic circulation and reduced the renal toxicity of CDDP	[53]
28	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	6.65	34	–	In vitro	Displayed better anticancer activity	[54]
Conjugates
29	Ring-opening polymerization	Cisplatin	136.7 ± 14.2	−20	90	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced safety and effective tumour inhibition	[56]
30	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	107 ± 6.3	–	65	In vitro and in vivo	Sustained drug release	[57]
31	Double emulsion (W/O/W) method	Cisplatin/Paclitaxel	185.94 ± 7.43	−24.68	51.24 ± 1.78	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced anti-tumour Efficacy	[58]
32	Complex formation	Cisplatin	122	–	64.7	In vitro and in vivo	In vivo imaging and drug tracking	[59]
Poly butyl cyano acrylate nanoparticles
33	Ring-opening polymerization	Cisplatin	136.7 ± 14.2	−20	90	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced safety and effective tumour inhibition	[61]
Poly aspartic acid nanoparticles
34	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	140 ± 5	−35 ± 2.0	40	In vitro and in vivo	Overcome CDDP induced toxicity	[63]
Polydopamine nanoparticles
35	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	148	−6.9	20	In vitro	Combined photo thermal and chemotherapy	[64]
Glutathione-scavenging poly (disulfide amide) nanoparticles
36	Nano-precipitation method	Cisplatin	76.2	–	15.50	In vitro and in vivo	Reversal MDR to CDDP	[65]
Albumin
37	Desolvation method	Cisplatin	83	–	–	In vitro	Better therapeutic index	[67]
38	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	10	–	100	In vitro	Enhanced loading efficiency and killing effect	[68]
Gelatin
39	Desolvation method	Cisplatin	100	–	50	In vitro and in vivo	Enhance its therapeutic effects and reduce side effects	[70]
40	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	120	−37.0	75.5 ± 5.5	In vitro and in vivo	Improved anti neoplastic efficacy	[71]

EE: entrapment efficiency; DL: drug loading; ZP: zeta potential.

Table 3. Detailed description of CDDP loaded lipid based nano-formulations

Serial no.	Fabrication technique	Drug used	Particle size (nm)	ZP (mV)	%EE − DL	Characterization	Betterment application	Ref.
Lipid based nano-NPs
41	Emulsification-sonication method	Cisplatin/Paclitaxel	191.3 ± 5.3	−37.2 ± 3.9	85.3 ± 3.3	In vitro and in vivo	Increased the accumulation of the LPNs in tumour site	[73]
42	Nano-precipitation technology	Cisplatin	118.5 ± 4.62	13.7 ± 1.36	81.5 ± 6.79	In vitro and in vivo	LPNs prolong the release and circulation time	[74]
43	Acid and reduction sensitive method	Cisplatin/Oxaliplatin	178	−20	–	In vitro	Overcoming cisplatin resistance	[75]
44	Water-in-oil reverse micro-emulsion	Cisplatin	30	–	80	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy	[76]
45	Emulsification and low-temperature solidification method	Cisplatin/Fluorouracil	181.6 ± 3.2	+26.3 ± 2.4	89.8 ± 2.9	In vitro and in vivo	Effective co delivery of 5-FU and CDDP	[77]
46	Film-ultrasonic dispersion method	Cisplatin/Polyaniline	102.7	−51.7	7.67, 5.88	In vitro	Overcoming MDR and chemo-photo thermal cancer therapy	[78]
Liposomes
47	Thin film evaporation method	Cisplatin	125.8 ± 0.5	5.61 ± 0.07	70	In vitro	Reduced renal toxicity	[79]
48	Hydrating method	Cisplatin	100	−	−	In vitro and in vivo	Overcome tumour hypoxia for enhanced chemo-radiotherapy of cancer	[80]
49	Hydrating method	Cisplatin	174	−	20.0	In vitro	Overcome resistance	[81]
50	Extrusion method	Cisplatin	126 ± 2	16.9 ± 6.3	18.75 ± 0.3	In vitro and in vivo	Improve therapeutic efficacy	[82]
51	Reverse-Phase evaporation	Cisplatin	178 + 16	22.6 + 1.0	–	In vitro and in vivo	Improve the antitumor efficacy and decrease renal and bone marrow toxicity	[83]
52	Dialysis method	Cisplatin	182	−53	–	In vitro and in vivo	Enhanced anti-tumour effect	[84]
53	Ethanol injection method	Cisplatin	119	−2.6	–	In vitro and in vivo	Controlled release of CDDP	[85]
54	Emulsification solvent evaporation method	Cisplatin	145.8 ± 8.9	−3.99 ± 3.45	95.88 ± 0.41	In vitro and in vivo	Increase the entrapment of cisplatin	[86]
55	Thin film by rotary evaporation	Cisplatin	155.4 ± 16.1	−50.92 ± 1.19	90	In vitro and in vivo	Decreased side effects	[87]
56	Reverse phase evaporation (REV)	Cisplatin	110.7 ± 3.1	−30.1	94.2 ± 2.1	In vitro and in vivo	Increased therapeutic efficacy	[88]
57	Reverse phase evaporation (REV)	Cisplatin	127.6 ± 6.9	–	40.6 ± 5.9	In vitro	Scaling-up of SpHL-CDDP	[89]
58	Reverse-phase evaporation	Cisplatin	137 ± 12	2.00 ± 0.26	25.0 ± 3.20	In vitro and in vivo	Improved safety	[90]
59	Ethanol injection method	Cisplatin	130.4 ± 4.5	+2.95 ± 1.30	23.4 ± 2.5	In vitro and in vivo	Increased anti-tumour activity	[91]
60	Reverse-phase evaporation	Cisplatin	135	−2.8	23 ± 5	In vitro	Improving the antitumor efficacy	[92]
61	Thin film hydration method	Cisplatin	112.37 ± 0.52	23.83 ± 1.89	89.92 ± 4.28	In vitro and in vivo	Increased antitumor activity	[93]
Cubosomes
62	Emulsification technique.	Cisplatin/Metformin	120	−45	–	In vitro	Exhibited strong antitumor activity	[94]
Transfersomes
63	Chemical method	Cisplatin/imiquimod	429.5	68.1	–	In vitro and in vivo	Optimal antitumor effects	[95]

EE: entrapment efficiency; DL: drug loading; ZP: zeta potential.

Table 4. Detailed description of CDDP loaded inorganic NPs based nano-formulation.

Serial no.	Fabrication technique	Drug used	Particle size (nm)	ZP (mV)	%EE−  DL	Characterization	Betterment application	Ref.
Gold nanoparticles
64	Standard solid-phase methodology	Cisplatin	∼43.9 ± 1.2	–	–	In vitro	Laser-triggered drug release	[97]
65	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	20	−42.3 ± 2.2	–	In vitro and in vivo	Enhance tumour growth inhibition	[98]
66	Citrate reduction method.	Cisplatin/Radiation	10.04 ± 0.89 n	–	–	In vitro and in vivo	Improves the therapeutic outcome	[99]
67	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	145 ± 22	−1.7	40	In vitro	Employed for cellular imaging	[100
68	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	144.7	–37.8	30	In vitro and in vivo	Showed higher cytotoxicity	[101]
MSNPs
69	Distillation precipitation polymerization method	Cisplatin	293	−14.2	20.8	In vitro	Synergistic and cytotoxicity	[103]
70	Synthesis method	Cisplatin/6-Mercaptopurine	100	−14.43	2	In vitro and in vivo	Improve tumour-targeting	[104]
71	Hydrothermal treatment method	Cisplatin/ Doxorubicin	290	–	56.2	In vitro and in vivo	Efficient cellular uptake	[105]
Iron oxide NPs
72	Thermal decomposition method	Cisplatin/Artemisininin	141.4	−37.6	7.7	In vitro	Improved anti-cancer efficacy	[106]
73	Double emulsion method	Cisplatin	145.9 ± 1.5	21.6 ± 1.24	25.03 ± 3.05	In vitro	Improve inhibition effect	[107]
74	Co-precipitation method	Cisplatin	205 + 3.08	12.7 + 1.7	32.4 + 2.7	In vitro	Simultaneous targeting imaging, drug delivery	[108]
Calcium
75	Chemical method	Cisplatin	34.6	–	83.56	In vitro	Improve bioavailability & efficacy	[109]
76	Precipitation method	Cisplatin	56.8 ± 6.5	–	1.7 ± 0.09	In vitro	Exhibited higher anticancer activity	[110]
NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanoparticles
77	Solvo-thermal method	Cisplatin/Doxorubicin	100	–	–	In vitro	Higher anti-tumour capacity and imaging	[111]
Europium(III)-doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles
78	Sol–gel method	Cisplatin	–	–	–	In vitro and in vivo	Reduced systemic toxicity	[112]
Aluminium NPs
79	Ionic exchange	Cisplatin /COReleasing Molecule	207 ± 23	−29 ± 1	77.8	In vitro	Enhanced efficacy	[113]
Photo thermal conversion nanoparticles
80	Conventional conjugate reaction method	Cisplatin /CJM-126	88.9	−29.9	78.67	In vitro	Enhanced synergistic antitumor efficacy	[114]
Melanin NPs
81	Dopamine oxidation and self-polymerization method	Cisplatin	73.7	–	29.6	In vitro and in vivo	Highly efficient photo thermal therapy and chemotherapy	[115]
Coordination polymer nanoparticles
82	W/O micro-reactor method	Cisplatin	03.3 ± 5.4	−30	–	In vitro and in vivo	Enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy	[116]

EE: entrapment efficiency; DL: drug loading; ZP: zeta potential.

Table 5. Detailed description of CDDP loaded carbon based nano-formulation.

Serial no	Fabrication technique	Drug used	Particle size (nm)	ZP (mV)	%EE − DL	Characterization	Betterment application	Ref.
Carbon nanotubes
83	Chemical method	Cisplatin	50	–	65.86	In vitro	Enhanced loading efficiency and improve release profile	[118]
84	Electric-arc discharge method	Cisplatin	50	–	95	In vitro and in vivo	Enhance the in vivo efficacy	[119]
Graphene nanoparticles
85	Chemical method	Cisplatin	10	−25	58	In vitro	Cellular imaging and targeting	[120]
86	Modified hummers method	Cisplatin	15.3 ± 3.7	–	–	In vitro	Enhanced apoptosis	[121]
Fullerene NPs
87	Synthesis method	Cisplatin/C 60 fullerene	122	−23	–	In vivo and In vitro	Exhibited cytotoxic effects	[122]

EE: entrapment efficiency; DL: drug loading; ZP: zeta potential.

Table 6. Detailed description of CDDP loaded others nano-formulations.

Serial no.	Fabrication technique	Drug used	Particle size (nm)	ZP (mV)	%EE − DL	Characterization	Betterment application	Ref.
Nanocapsules
88	Double emulsion method	Cisplatin	186 ± 13	–	54.9	In vitro and in vivo	Reduced nephrotoxicity	[123]
89	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	71.10 ± 0.4	−20.50 ± 0.75	78.84	In vitro	Exhibited cellular toxicity	[124]
Nanogels
90	Emulsion polymerization	Cisplatin /Lidocaine	157.6 ± 7.4	9.2	15.7	In vitro and in vivo	Enhance chemotherapy and alleviates metastasis	[125]
91	Emulsion polymerization	Cisplatin	130.3 ± 2.7	5	95	In vitro and in vivo	Better anti-cancer efficiency	[126]
SF nanoparticles
92	Electrospray method	Cisplatin	108.1 ± 13.7	–	87.4	In vitro	Showed a significant inhibitory effect	[127]
Casein NPs
93	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	257	−20.0 m	72	In vitro and in vivo	Tumour penetration achieved	[128]
Fucoidan NPs
94	Synthesis method	Cisplatin	181.2 ± 21.0	−67.4 ± 2.3	93.3 ± 7.8	In vitro	Improved the immunotherapy and chemotherapy	[129]
Boldine NPs
95	Solvent displacement method	Cisplatin	115.5 ± 0.469	°17.4 ± 2.38	81.93 ± 0.915	In vitro and in vivo	Overcome toxic side effects	[130]
Hydrogels
96	Synthetic method		In vitro and in vivo	Improving localized antitumor efficacy				[131]
97	Ring-opening Polymerization		In vitro and in vivo	Synergistic anticancer				[132]
98	Ring-opening polymerization (ROP)		In vitro	Reduced acute toxicity				[133]
99	Synthetic method		In vitro	Enhanced anti-tumour effects				[134]
100	Ring opening polymerization		In vitro and in vivo	Localized and sustained effect				[135]

EE: entrapment efficiency; DL: drug loading; ZP: zeta potential.

Stathopoulos GP, Boulikas T. Lipoplatin formulation review article. J Drug Deliv. 2012;58:13–63.

 Google Scholar

Boulikas T. Low toxicity and anticancer activity of a novel liposomal cisplatin (Lipoplatin) in mouse xenografts. Oncol Rep. 2004;12:3–12.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kim ES, Lu C, Khuri FR, et al. A phase II study of STEALTH cisplatin (SPI-77) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2001;34:427–432.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Cabral H, Nishiyama N, Okazaki S, et al. Preparation and biological properties of dichloro(1,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum (II) (DACHPt)-loaded polymeric micelles. J Control Release. 2005;101:223–232.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Dragovich T, Mendelson D, Hoos A, et al. 268 A phase II trial of aroplatin (L-NDDP), a liposomal DACH platinum, in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) – a preliminary report. EJC Suppl. 2003;5:S82–S83.

 Google Scholar

Shi C, Yu H, Sun D, et al. Cisplatin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles: characterization and potential exploitation for the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Acta Biomater. 2015;18:68–76.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Risnayanti C, Jang YS, Lee J, et al. Nanoparticles co-delivering MDR1 and BCL2 siRNA for overcoming resistance of paclitaxel and cisplatin in recurrent or advanced ovarian cancer. Sci Rep. 2018;8:7498.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wang Y, Liu P, Qiu L, et al. Toxicity and therapy of cisplatin-loaded EGF modified mPEG-PLGA-PLL nanoparticles for SKOV3 cancer in mice. Biomaterials. 2013;34:4068–4077.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Reardon PJ, Parhizkar M, Harker AH, et al. Electro hydrodynamic fabrication of core–shell PLGA nanoparticles with controlled release of cisplatin for enhanced cancer treatment. Int J Nanomed. 2017;12:3913.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Alam N, Koul M, Mintoo MJ, et al. Development and characterization of hyaluronic acid modified PLGA based nanoparticles for improved efficacy of cisplatin in solid tumor. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;95:856–864.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Tian J, Min Y, Rodgers Z, et al. Nanoparticle delivery of chemotherapy combination regimen improves the therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of lung cancer. Nanomed Nanotechnol Biol Med. 2017;13:1301–1307.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Shabani R, Ashjari M, Ashtari K, et al. Elimination of mouse tumor cells from neonate spermatogonial cells utilizing cisplatin-entrapped folic acid-conjugated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles in vitro. Int J Nanomed. 2018;13:2943.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Cheng L, Jin C, Lv W, et al. Developing a highly stable PLGA-peg nanoparticle loaded with cisplatin for chemotherapy of ovarian cancer. Plos One. 2011;6:e25433.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wang M, You C, Gao Z, et al. An integrated strategy based on dual-targeting nanoparticles for enhanced intracellular drug delivery and synergistic therapeutic. J Biomater Sci. 2018;10:1–27.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ahmad Z, Tang Z, Shah A, et al. Cisplatin loaded methoxide poly(ethylene glycol) block‐poly (L‐glutamic acid‐co‐L‐phenylalanine) nanoparticles against human breast cancer cell. Macromol Biosci. 2014;14:1337–1345.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Mi Y, Zhao J, Feng SS. Targeted co-delivery of docetaxel, cisplatin, and herceptin by vitamin E TPGS-cisplatin prodrug nanoparticles for multimodality treatment of cancer. J Control Release. 2013;169:185–192.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Babu A, Amreddy N, Muralidharan R, et al. Chemo drug delivery using integrin-targeted PLGA-chitosan nanoparticle for lung cancer therapy. Sci Rep. 2017;7:14674.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Babu A, Wang Q, Muralidharan R, et al. Chitosan coated polylactic acid nanoparticle-mediated combinatorial delivery of cisplatin and siRNA/plasmid DNA chemosensitizes cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells. Mol Pharm. 2014;11:2720–2733.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kim JH, Kim YS, Park K, et al. Antitumor efficacy of cisplatin-loaded glycol chitosan nanoparticles in tumor-bearing mice. J Control Release. 2008;127:41–49.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Trummer R, Rangsimawong W, Sajomsang W, et al. Chitosan-based self-assembled nano carriers coordinated to cisplatin for cancer treatment. RSC Adv. 2018;8:22967–22973.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Yong D, Luo Y, Du F, et al. CDDP supramolecular micelles fabricated from adamantine terminated mPEG and β-cyclodextrin based seven-armed poly(l-glutamic acid)/CDDP complexes. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces. 2013;105:31–36.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Shahin M, Safaei Nikouei N, Lavasanifar A. Polymeric micelles for pH-responsive delivery of cisplatin. J Drug Target. 2014;22:629–637.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Song W, Tang Z, Li M, et al. Polypeptide-based combination of paclitaxel and cisplatin for enhanced chemotherapy efficacy and reduced side-effects. Acta Biomater. 2014;10:1392–1402.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Song W, Tang Z, Zhang D, et al. Anti-tumor efficacy of c (RGDfK)-decorated polypeptide-based micelles co-loaded with docetaxel and cisplatin. Biomaterials. 2014;35:3005–3014.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Saisyo A, Nakamura H, Fang J, et al. pH-sensitive polymeric cisplatin–ion complex with styrene-maleic acid copolymer exhibits tumor-selective drug delivery and antitumor activity as a result of the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2016;138:128–137.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Chen Y, Zhang L, Liu Y, et al. Preparation of PGA–PAE-micelles for enhanced antitumor efficacy of cisplatin. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10:25006–25016.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Song W, Li M, Tang Z, et al. Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly (L‐glutamic acid)‐loaded cisplatin and a combination with iRGD for the treatment of non‐small‐cell lung cancers. Macromol Biosci. 2012;12:1514–1523.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Uchino H, Matsumura Y, Negishi T, et al. Cisplatin-incorporating polymeric micelles (NC-6004) can reduce nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity of cisplatin in rats. Br J Cancer. 2005;93:678.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Nishiyama N, Okazaki S, Cabral H, et al. Novel cisplatin-incorporated polymeric micelles can eradicate solid tumors in mice. Cancer Res. 2003;63:8977–8983.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kesavan A, Ilaiyaraja P, Beaula WS, et al. Tumor targeting using polyamidoamine dendrimer–cisplatin nanoparticles functionalized with diglycolamic acid and herceptin. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2015;96:255–263.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Tran NQ, Nguyen CK, Nguyen TP. Dendrimer-based nanocarriers demonstrating a high efficiency for loading and releasing anticancer drugs against cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Adv Nat Sci Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2013;4:045013.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Cai L, Xu G, Shi C, et al. Telo dendrimer nano carrier for co-delivery of paclitaxel and cisplatin: a synergistic combination nanotherapy for ovarian cancer treatment. Biomaterials. 2015;37:456–468.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Xu X, Li Y, Lu X, et al. Printed in the United States of America glutaryl polyamidoamine dendrimer for overcoming cisplatin-resistance of breast cancer cells. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2018;18:6732–6739.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wang H, Xiong Y, Wang R, et al. Cisplatin-stitched α-poly(glutamatic acid) nanoconjugate for enhanced safety and effective tumor inhibition. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2018;119:189–199.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Xiong Y, Jiang W, Shen Y, et al. A poly(γ,l-glutamic acid)-citric acid based nanoconjugate for cisplatin delivery. Biomaterials. 2012;33:7182–7193.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

He Z, Huang J, Xu Y, et al. Co-delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel by folic acid conjugated amphiphilic PEG–PLGA copolymer nanoparticles for the treatment of non-small lung cancer. Oncotarget. 2015;6:42150.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ding D, Li K, Zhu Z, et al. Conjugated polyelectrolyte–cisplatin complex nanoparticles for simultaneous in vivo imaging and drug tracking. Nanoscale. 2011;3:1997–2002.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Koohi Moftakhari Esfahani M, Alavi SE, Shahbazian S, et al. Drug delivery of cisplatin to breast cancer by polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles. Adv Polym Technol. 2018;37:674–678.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kates M, Date A, Yoshida T, et al. Preclinical evaluation of intravesical cisplatin nanoparticles for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;1082.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhu Z, Su M. Polydopamine nanoparticles for combined chemo-and photothermal cancer therapy. Nanomaterials. 2017;7:160.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Lin X, Chen X, Riddell IA, et al. Glutathione-scavenging poly(disulfide amide) nanoparticles for effective delivery of Pt(IV) prodrugs and reversal of cisplatin resistance. Nano Lett. 2018

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Catanzaro G, Curcio M, Cirillo G, et al. Albumin nanoparticles for glutathione-responsive release of cisplatin: new opportunities for medulloblastoma. Int J Pharm. 2017;517:168–174.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Lee HY, Mohammed KA, Goldberg EP, et al. Cisplatin loaded albumin mesospheres for lung cancer treatment. Am J Cancer Res. 2015;5:603.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Tseng CL, Su WY, Yen KC, et al. The use of biotinylated-EGF-modified gelatin nanoparticle carrier to enhance cisplatin accumulation in cancerous lungs via inhalation. Biomaterials. 2009;30:3476–3485.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ding D, Zhu Z, Liu Q, et al. Cisplatin-loaded gelatin-poly(acrylic acid) nanoparticles: synthesis, antitumor efficiency in vivo and penetration in tumors. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2011;79:142–149.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wang G, Wang Z, Li C, et al. RGD peptide-modified, paclitaxel prodrug-based, dual-drugs loaded, and redox-sensitive lipid–polymer nanoparticles for the enhanced lung cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;106:275–284.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Li C, Ge X, Wang L. Construction and comparison of different nanocarriers for co-delivery of cisplatin and curcumin: a synergistic combination nanotherapy for cervical cancer. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;86:628–636.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Chen Q, Yang Y, Lin X, et al. Platinum(iv) prodrugs with long lipid chains for drug delivery and overcoming cisplatin resistance. Chem Commun. 2018;54:5369–5372.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Guo S, Wang Y, Miao L, et al. Lipid-coated cisplatin nanoparticles induce neighboring effect and exhibit enhanced anticancer efficacy. ACS Nano. 2013;7:9896–9904.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Qu CY, Zhou M, Chen YW, et al. Engineering of lipid prodrug-based, hyaluronic acid-decorated nanostructured lipid carriers platform for 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin combination gastric cancer therapy. Int J Nanomed. 2015;10:3911.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Gao Z, You C, Wu H, et al. FA and cRGD dual modified lipid–polymer nanoparticles encapsulating polyaniline and cisplatin for highly effective chemo-photothermal combination therapy. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2018;29:397–411.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kuang Y, Liu J, Liu Z, et al. Cholesterol-based anionic long-circulating cisplatin liposomes with reduced renal toxicity. Biomaterials. 2012;33:1596–1606.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhang R, Song X, Liang C, et al. Catalase-loaded cisplatin-prodrug-constructed liposomes to overcome tumor hypoxia for enhanced chemo-radiotherapy of cancer. Biomaterials. 2017;138:13–21.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Carvalho Júnior AD, Vieira FP, De Melo VJ, et al. Preparation and cytotoxicity of cisplatin-containing liposomes. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2007;40:1149–1157.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Marzban E, Alavizadeh SH, Ghiadi M, et al. Optimizing the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin PEGylated liposomes via incorporation of different DPPG ratios: in vitro and in vivo studies. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces. 2015;136:885–891.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kishimoto S, Fujitani N, Ohnishi T, et al. Cisplatin-loaded, sialyl Lewis X-modified liposomes: drug release, biodistribution, and antitumor efficacy. Anti Cancer Res. 2017;37:6055–6061.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kieler-Ferguson HM, Chan D, Sockolosky J, et al. Encapsulation, controlled release, and antitumor efficacy of cisplatin delivered in liposomes composed of sterol-modified phospholipids. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2017;103:85–93.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Vhora I, Khatri N, Desai J, et al. Caprylate-conjugated cisplatin for the development of novel liposomal formulation. AAPS Pharm SciTech. 2014;15:845–857.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Shein SA, Kuznetsov II, Abakumova TO, et al. VEGF- and VEGFR2-targeted liposomes for cisplatin delivery to glioma cells. Mol Pharmaceutics. 2016;13:3712–3723.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhou X, Wang J, Wu J, et al. Preparation and evaluation of a novel liposomal formulation of cisplatin. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2015;66:90–95.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Song J, Xu T, Zhang Y, et al. 3-Octadecylcarbamoylacrylic acid-cisplatin nanocomplexes for the development of novel liposome formulation. Drug Delivery. 2016;23:3285–3293.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Giuberti CDS, Boratto FA, Degobert G, Silveira JN, et al. Investigation of alternative organic solvents and methods for the preparation of long-circulating and pH-sensitive liposomes containing cisplatin. J Liposome Res. 2013;23:220–227.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Araújo RS, Silveira ALM, de Souza ÉLDS, et al. Intestinal toxicity evaluation of long-circulating and pH-sensitive liposomes loaded with cisplatin. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2017;106:142–151.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Carlesso FN, Araújo RS, Fuscaldi LL, et al. Preliminary data of the antipancreatic tumor efficacy and toxicity of long-circulating and pH-sensitive liposomes containing cisplatin. Nucl Med Commun. 2016;37:727–734.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Leite EA, Souza CM, Carvalho-Júnior ÁD, et al. Encapsulation of cisplatin in long-circulating and pH-sensitive liposomes improves its antitumor effect and reduces acute toxicity. Int J Nanomed. 2012;7:5259.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wang Y, Zhou J, Qiu L, et al. Cisplatin–alginate conjugate liposomes for targeted delivery to EGFR-positive ovarian cancer cells. Biomaterials. 2014;35:4297–4309.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Saber MM, Al-Mahallawi AM, Nassar NN, et al. Targeting colorectal cancer cell metabolism through development of cisplatin and metformin nano-cubosomes. BMC Cancer. 2018;18:822.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Gupta V, Dhote V, Paul BN, et al. Development of novel topical drug delivery system containing cisplatin and imiquimod for dual therapy in cutaneous epithelial malignancy. J Liposome Res. 2014;24:150–162.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Xiong C, Lu W, Zhou M, et al. Cisplatin-loaded hollow gold nanoparticles for laser-triggered release. Cancer Nanotechnol. 2018;9:6.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Davidi ES, Dreifuss T, Motiei M, et al. Cisplatin-conjugated gold nanoparticles as a theranostic agent for head and neck cancer. Head Neck. 2018;40:70–78.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Yang C, Bromma K, Sung W, et al. Determining the radiation enhancement effects of gold nanoparticles in cells in a combined treatment with cisplatin and radiation at therapeutic megavoltage energies. Cancers. 2018;10:150.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Chatterjee B, Ghoshal A, Chattopadhyay A, et al. dGTP-templated luminescent gold nanocluster-based composite nanoparticles for cancer theranostics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2018;4:1005–1012.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Battogtokh G, Shin D, Ko YT. Hyaluronic acid-coated cisplatin + conjugated gold nanoparticles for combined cancer treatment. J Indus Eng Chem. 2018:65;236–243.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Li H, Yu H, Zhu C, et al. Cisplatin and doxorubicin dual-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery. RSC Adv. 2016;6:94160–94169.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Lv X, Zhao M, Wang Y, et al. Loading cisplatin onto 6-mercaptopurine covalently modified MSNS: a nanomedicine strategy to improve the outcome of cisplatin therapy. Drug Design Dev Ther. 2016;10:3933.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhang J, Weng L, Su X, et al. Cisplatin and doxorubicin high-loaded nanodrug based on biocompatible thioether-and ethane-bridged hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2018;513:214–221.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Gao Z, Li Y, You C, et al. Iron oxide nanocarrier-mediated combination therapy of cisplatin and artemisinin for combating drug resistance through highly increased toxic reactive oxygen species generation. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2018;1:270–280.

 PubMedGoogle Scholar

Quan LM, Zhong Y, Weng HH. Synthesis of cell penetrating peptide decorated magnetic nanoparticles loading cisplatin for nasopharyngeal cancer therapy. J Clin Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;32:963–968.

 Google Scholar

Ibarra J, Encinas D, Blanco M, et al. Co-encapsulation of magnetic nanoparticles and cisplatin within biocompatible polymers as multifunctional nanoplatforms: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro assays. Mater Res Express. 2018;5:015023.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Dunuweera SP, Rajapakse RMG. Encapsulation of anticancer drug cisplatin in vaterite polymorph of calcium carbonate nanoparticles for targeted delivery and slow release. Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2017;4:015017.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Son KD, Kim YJ. Anticancer activity of drug-loaded calcium phosphate nanocomposites against human osteosarcoma. Biomater Res. 2017;21:13.

 PubMedGoogle Scholar

Zhang Z, Sheng J, Zhang M, et al. Dual-modal imaging and excellent anticancer efficiency of cisplatin and doxorubicin loaded NaGdF 4:Yb 3+/Er 3+ nanoparticles. RSC Adv. 2018;8:22216–22225.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ferreira NH, Furtado RA, Ribeiro AB, et al. Europium (III)-doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles reduce the toxicity of cisplatin. J Inorg Biochem. 2018;182:9–17.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Carmona FJ, Jiménez-Amezcua I, Rojas S, et al. Aluminum doped MCM-41 nanoparticles as platforms for the dual encapsulation of a CO-releasing molecule and cisplatin. Inorg Chem. 2017;56:10474–10480.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

You C, Wu H, Wang M, et al. Co-delivery of cisplatin and CJM-126 via photothermal conversion nanoparticles for enhanced synergistic antitumor efficacy. Nano Technol. 2017;29:015601.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhang C, Zhao X, Guo H. Synergic highly effective photothermal-chemotherapy with platinum prodrug linked melanin-like nanoparticles. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2018;2:1–8.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

He Y, Huang Y, Huang Z, et al. Bisphosphonate-functionalized coordination polymer nanoparticles for the treatment of bone metastatic breast cancer. J Control Release. 2017;264:76–88.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Sui L, Yang T, Gao P, et al. Incorporation of cisplatin into PEG-wrapped ultrapurified large-inner-diameter MWCNTs for enhanced loading efficiency and release profile. Int J Pharm. 2014;471:157–165.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Guven A, Villares GJ, Hilsenbeck SG, et al. Carbon nanotube capsules enhance the in vivo efficacy of cisplatin. Acta Biomater. 2017;58:466–478.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Nasrollahi F, Koh YR, Chen P, et al. Targeting graphene quantum dots to epidermal growth factor receptor for delivery of cisplatin and cellular imaging. Mater Sci Eng C. 2018:94;247–257.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Yuan YG, Gurunathan S. Combination of graphene oxide–silver nanoparticle nanocomposites and cisplatin enhances apoptosis and autophagy in human cervical cancer cells. Int J Nanomed. 2017;12:6537.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Prylutska S, Politenkova S, Afanasieva K, et al. A nanocomplex of C60 fullerene with cisplatin: design, characterization, and toxicity. Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2017;8:1494–1501.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Chiang CS, Tseng YH, Liao BJ, et al. Magnetically targeted nanocapsules for PAA‐cisplatin‐conjugated cores in PVA/SPIO shells via surfactant‐free emulsion for reduced nephrotoxicity and enhanced lung cancer therapy. Adv Healthcare Mater. 2015;4:1066–1075.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhai Q, Li H, Song Y, et al. Preparation and optimization lipid nanocapsules to enhance the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2018;5:2048–2057.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Gao X, Yang H, Wu M, et al. Targeting delivery of lidocaine and cisplatin by nanogel enhances chemotherapy and alleviates metastasis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10:25228–25240.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Peng J, Qi T, Liao J, et al. Controlled release of cisplatin from pH-thermal dual responsive nanogels. Biomaterials. 2013;34:8726–8740.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Qu J, Liu Y, Yu Y, et al. Silk fibroin nanoparticles prepared by electrospray as controlled release carriers of cisplatin. Mater Sci Eng C. 2014;44:166–174.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhen X, Wang X, Xie C, et al. Cellular uptake, antitumor response and tumor penetration of cisplatin-loaded milk protein nanoparticles. Biomaterials. 2013;34:1372–1382.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Hwang PA, Lin XZ, Kuo KL, et al. Fabrication and cytotoxicity of fucoidan-cisplatin nanoparticles for macrophage and tumor cells. Materials. 2017;10:291.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Mondal J, Patra M, Panigrahi AK, et al. Boldine-loaded nanoparticles have improved efficiency of drug carriage and protective potential against cisplatin-induced toxicity. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2018:5:10–25

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Yu S, Zhang D, He C, et al. Injectable thermosensitive polypeptide-based CDDP-complexed hydrogel for improving localized antitumor efficacy. Biomacromolecules. 2017;18:4341–4348.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Shen W, Chen X, Luan J, et al. Sustained codelivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel via an injectable prodrug hydrogel for ovarian cancer treatment. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9:40031–40046.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhu W, Li Y, Liu L, et al. Supramolecular hydrogels as a universal scaffold for stepwise delivering Dox and Dox/cisplatin loaded block copolymer micelles. Int J Pharm. 2012;437:11–19.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhu W, Li Y, Liu L, et al. Supramolecular hydrogels from cisplatin-loaded block copolymer nanoparticles and α-cyclodextrins with a stepwise delivery property. Biomacromolecules. 2010;11:3086–3092.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wu X, Wu Y, Ye H, et al. Interleukin-15 and cisplatin co-encapsulated thermosensitive polypeptide hydrogels for combined immuno-chemotherapy. J Control Release. 2017;25:81–93.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar