Figures & data
Figure 1. The effects of paeonol on cell viability in the chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. (A) Molecular structure of paeonol, 2′-hydroxy-4′-methoxyacetophenone. (B) ATDC5 cells were stimulated with 0, 0.1, 1, 10, 50, 100 and 500 μM paeonol for 48 h. Viability of ATDC5 cells was measured by MTT assay. Note: Since 500 μM paeonol reduced cell viability, doses of 50 and 100 μM paeonol were used in the following experiments (*, P < .01 vs. vehicle control).
![Figure 1. The effects of paeonol on cell viability in the chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. (A) Molecular structure of paeonol, 2′-hydroxy-4′-methoxyacetophenone. (B) ATDC5 cells were stimulated with 0, 0.1, 1, 10, 50, 100 and 500 μM paeonol for 48 h. Viability of ATDC5 cells was measured by MTT assay. Note: Since 500 μM paeonol reduced cell viability, doses of 50 and 100 μM paeonol were used in the following experiments (*, P < .01 vs. vehicle control).](/cms/asset/09c53c00-9049-4ef6-8c94-06a6486ce3dc/ianb_a_1613418_f0001_b.jpg)
Figure 2. Paeonol reduces inflammatory mediators in chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. (A) mRNA of NOX2 synthase; (B) mRNA of PTGS2; (C) mRNA of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).
![Figure 2. Paeonol reduces inflammatory mediators in chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. (A) mRNA of NOX2 synthase; (B) mRNA of PTGS2; (C) mRNA of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).](/cms/asset/ecac5490-bf31-47c6-8937-9a935dcc3ce5/ianb_a_1613418_f0002_b.jpg)
Figure 3. Paeonol inhibits the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. (A) mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6; (B) Secretions of TNF-α and IL-6 (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).
![Figure 3. Paeonol inhibits the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. (A) mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6; (B) Secretions of TNF-α and IL-6 (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).](/cms/asset/5ae91c06-46ee-480e-b6f2-e5cb40dd0c7d/ianb_a_1613418_f0003_b.jpg)
Figure 4. Paeonol inhibits the expression of adhesion molecules. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. (A) mRNA levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1; (B) Protein levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).
![Figure 4. Paeonol inhibits the expression of adhesion molecules. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. (A) mRNA levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1; (B) Protein levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).](/cms/asset/9e729448-c201-4cfe-87bd-b9c30a312dd3/ianb_a_1613418_f0004_b.jpg)
Figure 5. Paeonol suppresses the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. (A) mRNA levels of MMP-3 and MMP-13; (B) Elisa results of MMP-3 and MMP-13 (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).
![Figure 5. Paeonol suppresses the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. (A) mRNA levels of MMP-3 and MMP-13; (B) Elisa results of MMP-3 and MMP-13 (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).](/cms/asset/396eb189-dc27-4a82-8188-9a5f1f370e8a/ianb_a_1613418_f0005_b.jpg)
Figure 6. Paeonol ameliorates reduction of type II collagen in chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. Protein level of type II collagen was measured (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).
![Figure 6. Paeonol ameliorates reduction of type II collagen in chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells. ATDC5 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β with or without paeonol (50, 100 μM) for 24 h. Protein level of type II collagen was measured (*, #, $, P < .01 vs. previous control group).](/cms/asset/9d14c6aa-b10b-49eb-b4ae-a1bcefafa488/ianb_a_1613418_f0006_b.jpg)