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Research Article

Rabdosia rubescens Linn: green synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their anticancer effects against human lung cancer cells A549

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Pages 2171-2178 | Received 22 Dec 2018, Accepted 10 May 2019, Published online: 04 Jun 2019

Figures & data

Figure 1. UV–visible spectrum absorption pattern and selected area diffraction (SAED) pattern of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RR-AuNP). Nanoparticles were recorded for at different time intervals for the confirmation and detection of RR-AuNP size.

Figure 1. UV–visible spectrum absorption pattern and selected area diffraction (SAED) pattern of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RR-AuNP). Nanoparticles were recorded for at different time intervals for the confirmation and detection of RR-AuNP size.

Figure 2. (A) HR-Transmission electron microscopy images illustrating the gold nanoparticle synthesized. Scale bars: 100 nm; 50 nm. (B) Energy dispersive X-ray spectrum of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RRAuNP).

Figure 2. (A) HR-Transmission electron microscopy images illustrating the gold nanoparticle synthesized. Scale bars: 100 nm; 50 nm. (B) Energy dispersive X-ray spectrum of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RRAuNP).

Figure 3. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (A) and dynamic light scattering (B) of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RRAuNP) were assessed to elucidate the structure of RR-AuNP.

Figure 3. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (A) and dynamic light scattering (B) of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RRAuNP) were assessed to elucidate the structure of RR-AuNP.

Figure 4. Atomic force microscopy analysis of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RRAuNP).

Figure 4. Atomic force microscopy analysis of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RRAuNP).

Figure 5. Cytotoxicity effect of gold nanoparticles synthesised from R. rubescens (RR-AuNP) against lung carcinoma cell line A549 and Human lung fibroblast cells MRC-5 cells treated with different doses of RRAuNP. (A) Human lung fibroblast cells MRC-5 cells; (B) lung carcinoma cell line A549. Each bar represents mean ± SEM of three independent observations. Significant at *p < .05.

Figure 5. Cytotoxicity effect of gold nanoparticles synthesised from R. rubescens (RR-AuNP) against lung carcinoma cell line A549 and Human lung fibroblast cells MRC-5 cells treated with different doses of RRAuNP. (A) Human lung fibroblast cells MRC-5 cells; (B) lung carcinoma cell line A549. Each bar represents mean ± SEM of three independent observations. Significant at *p < .05.

Figure 6. Apoptotic changes induced by the treatment of RR-AuNP were evidenced with TUNEL assay, DAPI staining and Immunoblotting analysis. (A) Apoptotic morphological changes; (B) capases activity; (C) apoptotic signalling proteins.

Figure 6. Apoptotic changes induced by the treatment of RR-AuNP were evidenced with TUNEL assay, DAPI staining and Immunoblotting analysis. (A) Apoptotic morphological changes; (B) capases activity; (C) apoptotic signalling proteins.

Figure 7. Effect of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RR-AuNP) on intracellular ROS production in A549 lung carcinoma cell line. Each bar represents mean ± SEM of three independent observations. Significant at *p < .05.

Figure 7. Effect of gold nanoparticles synthesized from R. rubescens (RR-AuNP) on intracellular ROS production in A549 lung carcinoma cell line. Each bar represents mean ± SEM of three independent observations. Significant at *p < .05.