https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1309-2720
Figures & data
Figure 1. Effect of nimbolide on body weight, organ indexes, hind paw volume and arthritis index score in CFA induced rheumatoid arthritis rats. (a) Body weight, (b) organ indices, (c) hind paw volume, (d) arthritis index score. Group I: Control group; Group II: Arthritis induced group; Group III: Arthritis induced + nimbolide group and Group IV: Arthritis induced + Diclofenac Sodium. Values expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6) and analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Kramer test. #p < .05 as compared to NC group. *p < .01 as compared to CFA group.
Figure 2. Effect of nimbolide on SGOT, SGPT and ALP parameters in CFA-induced arthritis in rats. Units: SGOT, SGPT and ALP- U/L. Group I: Control group; Group II: Arthritis-induced group; Group III: Arthritis induced + nimbolide group and Group IV: Arthritis induced + Diclofenac Sodium. Values expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6) and analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Kramer test. #p < .05 as compared to NC group. *p < .01 as compared to CFA group.
Figure 3. Effect of nimbolide on the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β in CFA-induced rheumatoid arthritis rats. Units: TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β- pg/mL. Group I: Control group; Group II: Arthritis induced group; Group III: Arthritis induced + nimbolide group and Group IV: Arthritis induced + Diclofenac Sodium. Values expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6) and analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Kramer test. #p < .05 as compared to NC group. *p < .01 as compared to CFA group.
Figure 4. Effect of nimbolide on oxidative stress in CFA-induced rheumatoid arthritis rats. (a) MDA level (b) Antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD, catalase and GSH. Units: SOD, CAT and GSH- U/mg protein. Group I: Control group; Group II: Arthritis induced group; Group III: Arthritis induced + nimbolide group and Group IV: Arthritis induced + Diclofenac Sodium. Values expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6) and analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Kramer test. #p < .05 as compared to NC group. *p < .01 as compared to CFA group.
Figure 5. Haematoxylin and eosin staining of sections from the hind paws of rat variations groups. Group I: Control group; Group II: Arthritis induced group; Group III: Arthritis induced + nimbolide group and Group IV: Arthritis induced + Diclofenac Sodium.
Figure 6. Effect of nimbolide on protein expression of cox-2, iNOS, Nf-kb, P-IkBα and IKKα in CFA-induced rheumatoid arthritis rats. L1-Group I: Control group; L2-Group II: Arthritis induced group; L3-Group III: Arthritis induced + nimbolide group and L5-Group IV: Arthritis induced + Diclofenac Sodium. Values expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6) and analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Kramer test. #p < .05 as compared to NC group. *p < .01 as compared to CFA group.
