Multiferroic and magnetodielectric properties of (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO ceramic-based composites

Figures & data

Figure 1. XRD patterns of (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 1.0) composites

Figure 2. SEM images of (a) KNN, (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO (b) x = 0.1, (c) x = 0.2, (d) x = 0.3, (e) x = 0.4 and (f) x = 0.5 composites and (g) CMgFO

Table 1. The values of maximum polarization (P_max), remanent polarization (P_r), coercive field (E_c), dielectric constant (ε') and tangent delta (Tanδ$\delta$) for composites

(1-x) KNN-xCMgFO	Pmax (μC/cm^2)	Pr (μC/cm^2)	Ec (kV/cm)	ε'		Tanδ$\delta$
				100 Hz	1 MHz	100 Hz	1 MHz
0.0	10.378	7.268	10.094	2966.64	393.846	1.512	0.074
0.1	8.432	5.845	10.980	1674.02	350.058	1.566	0.031
0.2	6.691	3.671	09.147	1547.80	302.761	1.784	0.032
0.3	6.131	3.648	10.090	1706.57	227.064	2.195	0.040
0.4	8.674	6.563	11.932	2710.72	178.730	3.229	0.067
0.5	11.682	10.091	12.556	1935.80	200.485	2.419	0.046

Figure 3. P-E hysteresis loops of (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO (a) x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 (b) x = 0.4, 0.5 composites

Table 2. Values of remanent magnetization (M_r), saturation magnetization (M_s), coercivity (H_c) and magnetodielectric (MD) for different compositions

(1-x) KNN-x CMgFO	Mr (emu/g)	Ms (emu/g)	Hc (Oe)	MD% (2 kHz)
0.1	1.552	8.845	609.456	− 3.515
0.2	2.840	18.443	534.654	−3.627
0.3	3.992	25.462	538.359	−4.519
0.4	5.254	35.481	519.689	−10.319
0.5	6.455	40.905	535.417	−5.189
1.0	11.112	75.050	479.165

Figure 4. Magnetic hysteresis curves of CMgFO and (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO composites (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5)

Figure 5. Room temperature (a) dielectric constant and (b) dielectric loss (Tanδ$\delta$) versus frequency plots of KNN and (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO composites with x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5

Figure 6. Temperature dependence of dielectric constant of (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO composites with (a) x = 0.1 (b) x = 0.2 (c) x = 0.3 (d) x = 0.4 and (e) x = 0.5

Figure 7. Variation of dielectric loss (Tanδ$\delta$) with temperature for (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO composites with (a) x = 0.1 (b) x = 0.2 (c) x = 0.3 (d) x = 0.4 and (e) x = 0.5

Figure 8. Variation of MD with magnetic field (H) for (a) (1-x)KNN-xCMgFO (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) composites and (b) 0.6KNN-0.4CMgFO at different frequencies