Does pedagogical documentation support maternal reminiscing conversations?

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic data of sample

Variable	f	%
Child’s ethnicity
Caucasian	22	73.3
African-American	1	3.4
Multiracial	5	16.6
Did not report	2	6.7
Mother’s ethnicity
Caucasian	17	56.6
African-American	2	6.7
Multiracial	3	9.9
Latino or Hispanic	2	6.7
Asian/Pacific islander	1	3.3
Did not report	5	16.6
Mother’s education level
High school degree	2	6.7
Some college, profession, or vocational school	8	26.4
College degree	10	33
Graduate-level degree	9	29.7
Marital status
Married or partnered	19	63.3
Single	3	9.9
Divorced	1	3.3
Separated	1	3.3
Did not report	5	16.6
Household income per year
$100,000+	12	40
$75,000–99,000	5	16.7
$39,000 and below	8	26.7
Did not report	5	16.6
Community
Urban	14	46.6
Suburban	10	33.3
Did not report	6	19.8

Figure 1. Mother’s elaborative style by documentation or no documentation on the number of coded communications.

Table 2. Paired sample t-tests for all variables

Coded communications	Documentation	No documentation	d
	M (SD)	M (SD)
Mother
Metamemory	0.40 (0.932)	0.23 (0.504)
Off topic	5.40 (0.6.36)	7.53 (11.35)
Wh-questions*	17.03 (10.27)	10.53 (6.97)	.74
Yes/No questions	20.43 (11.39)	15.77 (11.59)
Statement elaborations*	13.50 (9.55)	8.23 (8.23)	.59
Tag questions	1.27 (1.70)	.83 (1.34)
Statement repetitions	3.23 (2.27)	.2.17 (2.53)
Question repetitions	9.60 (5.59)	9.40 (7.63)
Confirmations	5.07 (5.85)	2.77 (4.01)
Child
Metamemory	.03 (1.83)	.03 (1.83)
Off topic	.3.80 (4.24)	4.70 (7.20)
Placeholders	18.43 (10.35)	14.77 (12.35)
Statement elaborations	22.17 (13.50)	14.87 (9.81)
Questions*	2.83 (3.13)	1.50 (2.06)	.62
Statement repetitions*	3.27 (3.03)	1.57 (1.75)	.59

^* Significant difference after the Holm’s Sequential Bonferroni correction at p < .05.

Figure 2. Child’s elaborative style by documentation or no documentation on the number of coded communications.

Table 3. Correlation matrix for mother and child combined speech

Variable	Child elaboration	Child repetition	Mom elaboration	Mom repetition
Child elaboration	–	.398*	.565**	.581**
Child repetition		–	.355	.515**
Mom elaboration			–	.713**
Mom repetitions				–

^* p < .05.

^** p < .01.

^*** p < .001.