Subjective temporal well-being: Defining, measuring, and applying a new concept

Figures & data

Table 1. Descriptive statistics of variables used in analysis, N = 963

	Mean	S.D.	Min.	Max.
Low time pressure	7.4	2.8	1	14
Time use satisfaction	4.5	1.5	1	7
Subjective temporal well-being (index of the two above)	5.2	2.0	0	10
Affective well-being	5.4	1.2	1	7
Life satisfaction	8.4	2.0	1	11
Overall subjective well-being (index of the two above)	7.4	1.9	0	10
Economic satisfaction	4.8	1.7	1	7
Male (%)	45	–	–	–
No. of children	0.6	1.0	0	6
Age (years)	46	13	20	66
Working hours (weekly)	33	17	0	95
Exercise (times per week)	2.6	1.0	0	7
Socializing with friends (times per week)	2.7	0.4	0	7

Table 2. Correlation matrix for subjective temporal well-being and other well-being measures (Pearson’s r)

	Low time pressure	Time use satisfaction	Subjective temporal well-being	Life satisfaction	Affective well-being	Overall subjective well-being	Economic satisfaction
Low time pressure	1
Time use satisfaction	0.40^***	1
Subjective temporal well-being	0.82^***	0.86^***	1
Life satisfaction	0.20^***	0.40^***	0.36^***	1
Affective well-being	0.22^***	0.33^***	0.33^***	0.77^***	1
Overall subjective well-being	0.22^***	0.38^***	0.37^***	0.94^***	0.94^***	1
Economic satisfaction	0.08^*	0.23^***	0.20^***	0.35^***	0.29^***	0.33^***	1

Notes: two-tailed. N = 963.

* p < 0.05.

** p < 0.01.

*** p < 0.001.

Table 3. Characteristics of persons with particularly high and low time pressure and time use satisfaction

	Quartile with lowest time pressure	Quartile with highest time pressure	Quartile with highest time use satisfaction	Quartile with lowest time use satisfaction
Male (%)^†	59***	41***	52 (n.s.)	48 (n.s.)
No. of children	0.48*	0.72*	0.49***	0.78***
Age (years)	51***	45***	48***	44***
Working hours (weekly)	29***	36***	30***	35***
Exercise (times per week)	3.0**	2.4**	3.0***	2.1***
Socializing with friends (times per week)	2.8**	1.4**	2.1***	1.3***

Notes: Mean figures. The table gives the results from ANOVA with a Tukey post hoc test.

* p < 0.05.

** p < 0.01.

*** p < 0.001.

† To make interpretation easier, the numbers are altered so that the average share of both men and women is 50% (in reality, 45% of the respondents were men and 55% women). N = 963.