The modus operandi of perpetrators for credit card fraud in the Vaal Region, South Africa

Witness Maluleke1 Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South AfricaCorrespondence[email protected]

Moses Morero Motseki2 Department of Legal Sciences, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa

Rakgetse John Mokwena3 Department of Police Practice, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa

Siyanda Dlamini4 Durban University of Technology, Centre for General Education, South Africa

(Reviewing editor)

Figures & data

Figure 1. Provincial geographical distribution of credit card fraud losses

Source: Payment Association South Africa [Online] (Citation2016, p. 29)

Figure 2. Gross fraud (Credit and debit)

Source: South African Banking Risk Information Centre (Citation2020)

Figure 3. Top countries where reported fraud occurs using South African credit or debit card

Source: South African Banking Risk Information Centre (Citation2020)

Figure 4. Card Not Present

South African Banking Risk Information Centre (Citation2020)