JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES’ ADOPTION OF DIGITALLY-MEDIATED SERVICES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Figures & data

Table 1. Last in-person meeting and official first lockdown

	Last In-Person Meeting	Official First Lockdown
Italy	4 March 2020	10 March 2020
Spain	12 March 2020	14 March 2020
Belgium	12 March 2020	17 March 2020
Netherlands	12 March 2020	23 March 2020
Romania	13 March 2020	24 March 2020
Austria	14 March 2020	16 March 2020
Liechtenstein	14 March 2020	16 March 2020
Switzerland	14 March 2020	16 March 2020
Germany	14 March 2020	16 March 2020

Table 2. Descriptive of the sample

	Total		Group 1^a		Group 2^b		Group 3^c		Group 4^d
Size (n)	46		12		10		12		12
	µ	σ	µ	σ	µ	σ	µ	σ	µ	σ
Age	48.3	18.1	69.7	3.8	59.2	3.7	41.9	7.2	24.3	2.8
Years baptised	32.8	17.5	52.8	3.8	45.1	3.3	25.3	6.4	10.1	2.2
	%		%		%		%		%
Men/Women	54.3	45.7	58.3	41.7	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0	58.3	41.7
Married/Single	65.2	34.8	83.3	16.7	80.0	20.0	100	0.0	0.0	100.0

^aGroup 1: older than 65. ^b Group 2: between 50 and 65. ^c Group 3: between 30 and 49. ^d Group 4: younger than 30.

Figure 1. Not-correlated feelings.IP: in-person; PR: prerecorded; VC: videoconference. SD: strongly disagree; D: disagree; NAND: neither agree nor disagree; A: agree; SA: strongly agree

Table 3. Prayers

		In-person		Prerecorded
		Kendall’s coefficient	Sig.	Kendall’s coefficient	Sig.
Active role
#1. Close to Lord	PR	.846**	.000
	VC	.846**	.000	.702**	.001
#2. Reverential Act	PR	.553**	.007
	VC	.468*	.022	.846**	.000
Passive role
#3. Close to Lord	PR	.854**	.000
	VC	.893**	.000	.797**	.000
#4. Reverential Act	PR	.856**	.000
	VC	.756**	.000	.884**	.000

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. PR: prerecorded; VC: videoconference.

Table 4. Songs

		In-person		Prerecorded
		Kendall’s coefficient	Sig	Kendall’s coefficient	Sig
Active role
#5. Praise God	PR	.465**	.002
	VC	.465**	.002	1.000**
#6. Emotions awakened	PR	.125	.379
	VC	.017	.903	.839**	.000
#7. Group belonging	PR	.011	.937
	VC	.081	.567	.650**	.000
#8. Active participation	PR	.524**	.000
	VC	.549**	.000	.949**	.000
Passive role
#9. Praise God	PR	.381*	.010
	VC	.381*	.010	.846**	.000
#10. Emotions awakened	PR	.028	.841
	VC	.058	.681	.710**	.000
#11. Group belonging	PR	.039	.778
	VC	.102	.477	.590**	.000

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. PR: prerecorded; VC: videoconference.

Table 5. Assignments

		In-person		Prerecorded
		Kendall’s coefficient	Sig	Kendall’s coefficient	Sig
Active Role
#12. Praise God	VC	.699**	.000
#13. Teach effectively	VC	.617**	.000
#14. Encourage others	VC	.394**	.008
#15. Sense reactions	VC	−.089	.513
#16. Reaching hearts	VC	.377**	.006
Passive Role
#17. Full attention	PR	.116	.416
	VC	.293*	.039	.426**	.002
#18. Be distracted	PR	.556**	.000
	VC	.645**	.000	.687**	.000
#19. Learn intellectually	PR	.733**	.000
	VC	.840**	.000	.765**	.000
#20. Taught by God	PR	1.000**
	VC	1.000**		1.000**
#21. Encouraged	PR	.465**	.001
	VC	.689**	.000	.539**	.000
#22. Close to speaker	PR	.296*	.030
	VC	.488**	.001	.713**	.000

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. PR: prerecorded; VC: videoconference.

Table 6. Comments

		In-person		Prerecorded
		Kendall’s coefficient	Sig	Kendall’s coefficient	Sig
Active Role
#23. Praise God	VC	.691**	.000
#24. Communicate effectively	VC	.648**	.000
#25. Encourage others	VC	.683**	.000
#26. Sense reactions	VC	.026	.840
#27. Reach others’ hearts	VC	.611**	.000
#28. Motivated to offer more	VC	.432**	.003
Passive Role
#29. Full attention	PR	.320*	.019
	VC	.566*	.000	.514**	0,000
#30. Be distracted	PR	.544**	.000
	VC	.667**	.000	.676**	0,000
#31. Learn intellectually	PR	.650**	.000
	VC	.881**	.000	.756**	0,000
#32. Taught by God	PR	.991**	.000
	VC	1.000**		.991**	0,000
#33. Encouraged	PR	.408**	.004
	VC	.859**	.000	.448**	0,002
#34. Close to speaker	PR	.160	.242
	VC	.557**	.000	.318*	0,020

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. PR: prerecorded; VC: videoconference.

Table 7. Interaction: in-person vs. videoconference

	Kendall’s coefficient	Sig
Active Role
#35. Feelings of encouragement	.453**	0,002
#36. Perception of personal interest	.554**	.000
Passive Role
#37. Feelings of encouragement	.272	0,056
#38. Perception of personal interest	.444**	0,002
Active & Passive Roles
#39. Significant conversations	.133	0,330
#40. Personal conversations	.155	0,243

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01

Table 8. Meetings in general

		In-person		Prerecorded
		Kendall’s coefficient	Sig	Kendall’s coefficient	Sig
#41. Motivation to attend	PR	.396**	.006
	VC	.698**	.000	.605**	0.000
#42. Close to Lord	PR	.486**	.001
	VC	.810**	.000	.621**	.000
#43. Happiness	PR	.409**	.005
	VC	.623**	.000	.598**	.000
#44. Spiritually strengthened	PR	.515**	.000
	VC	.756**	.000	.511**	.001
#45. Part of meeting	PR	.170	.219
	VC	.514**	.001	.326*	.018
#46. Brotherhood feelings	PR	.173	.208
	VC	.452**	.002	.402**	.003

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. PR: prerecorded; VC: videoconference.