Understanding the role of structural factors and realities in normalizing child labour in urban slums of Bangladesh

Figures & data

Figure 1. Conceptual framework (Source: Author’s own)

Figure 2. Study areas (Illustration: Authors’ own)

Table 1. Summary of research methods and participants

Location	Method	Type of Participants	Number and Details	Code
Hazaribagh	Semi-structured Interviews	Parents	12 Participants (4 males 8 females)	P1-P12
		Community Level Actors	8 Participants (3 community members, 1 schoolteacher, 1 elected representative, 3 employers)	C1-C8
	Focus Group Discussion	Parents	6 Participants (3 males, 3 females)	FGD1
Matuail	Semi-structured Interviews	Parents	12 Participants (3 males 9 females)	P13-P24
		Community Level Actors	8 Participants (4 community Members, 1 elected representative, 3 employers)	C9-C18
	Focus Group Discussion	Parents	5 Participants (2 Females, 3 Males)	FGD2
Total number of participants			35 Parents & 16 Community level actors (Total − 51)

Table 2. List of frequently mentioned work that children perform in the study areas (Source: Author’s fielwork data)

Study Area	Work Performed by Adolescent Children
Hazaribagh	Mills, Sales in roadside shops (all kinds of shops, including pharmacies, groceries, sweets, showrooms), Transport help, Rickshaw pulling, Autorickshaw driving, Cleaners at tanneries, Tailoring, Handicrafts, Factories (brushes, chemicals, pens, plastic, candies, and batteries), Fruits wholesale, Waste picking, Recycling, Fish sales, Jewelery making, Self-run fish kiosks, Welding and Stills, Tea and Food Stalls, Hawking, Automobiles (cleaning and repairing), Shoe repairing, Embroidery, Denting stills and alluminium, Painting, Furniture making and repairing, Domestic help, and Engine repairing
Matuail	Small garments, Factories (medicines, chemicals, knitting, pens, pencils), Wasting picking, Recycling, Fruits wholesales, Transport help, Roadside kiosks, Brick breaking, Constructions, Bakeries, Driving, Furniture (Making and repairing), Roadside shops (all kinds, including pharmacies, groceries, clothes , daily sales, and hardware), Mills, Handicrafts, Fish selling, Electronics, Printing, Paper cutting, Computers, Embroidery, Waste wholesales, Restaurant services, Rickshaw pulling, Domestic help, Technicians at factories, and Welding