Punishing criminals indigenously: Perspectives from customary law and social relationship practices of Afar pastorals along the Lower Awash Valley

Figures & data

Map 1. The location of the study area.

Map 2. Physical map of Lower Awash Valley.

Map 3. Lower Awash Valley research areas, specific rivers, and settlements.

Diagram 1. Social capital dimensions in preventing crimes.

Figure 1. Affehina networks among clan groups.

Source: Research Approach and Design

Diagram 3. Customary law inclusive model.

Table

Traditional name	Meaning	Traditional name	Meaning
Arguu	a name is given to a baby after getting a caregiver	Kedoo Abba	clan leader
Aalla or Hindda	It is a relationship created among individuals for having close relationships.	Kedoo	clan
Abba	social unit head	Lahii Diigalla	a punishment paid for with animal compensation
Adan’le	administers and manages how Afar people interact with Non-Afar relatives and other social members	Looyna	It involves confiscating clan members
Afar af	Afar language
Affehina	clan group networking, clan and family lineage with a paternal system of filiations	Maa’da	Traditional or Customary law
Afree	Traditional law or legislation governs Afar’s socioeconomic relations	Maa’da Abba (Abobti)	Customary law head (s)
Aligee	a male bridegroom	Makaban Abba (makabantu)	Clan council head
Aligeyta	a female bridegroom	Makaban	collective clan leaders or clan council
Aliginu	provide support and preserve societal connections and networking of weeding participants along with ceremonial activities	Meblo	customary law court decisions
Arrawa Diigalla	a punishment that involves tightening both hands and turning the back side with the thread of the punishment	Megloo	seeks protection from another clan group
Burr	Family Unit or nuclear family	Mudllino Diigalla	a punishment to provide treatment compensation to the harmed one
Dagu	indigenous communication system	Mugainna	Create a relationship by giving the newborn baby’s first name
Dahala	extended Family	Nonegelta or Negeltinu	It is a type of relationship between mothers and their daughters within a clan
Digib Harra	Collected gifts for the marriage ceremony	Onee Ore	Create a relationship with another family or person.
Diigalla	correcting and punishing the criminals and perpetrators	Sillallo	a type of punishment that involves the provision of food reciprocity
Dintoo	conciliation through debating or based on the provided arguments	Sultanate	the highest authority and a higher level of the Afar Society
Dorroiee	a punishment type that involves a simple request for pardon	Tehaluf	Is the connection through networking against territorial and border disagreements?
Edebbonta	sharing or providing assistance or available resources at times of emergencies	Widal	gives notification by the protector clan
Eissi	The protector of the perpetrator or suspected criminal and his clan group
Ereena-Seeie-Diigalla	a punishment that applies to punished individuals who slough the animal they love
Fimma	Age-bound youth group
Fimma Abba	youth group leader
Frangainna or Araginnu (Arguu)	create strong relationships with other social members
Habtii Diigalla	a punishment sustained from clan membership
Harrayna Kurra	conducting social relationships, helping each other at times of marriage
Ibbnitino	receiving gusts