The flood management policy in Bandung city: Challenges and potential strategies

Figures & data

Figure 1. Bandung City and its surrounding areas.

Table 1. Research informant for urban flood policy studies

Group	Information	Person
Bandung city executive officer	Mayor; regional Secretary	2
Bandung city legislative official	Council Leaders; Chairman of the Commission C	4
Bandung City Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) officials	Public Works Department; Department of Transportation; Department of Environment and Hygiene; Municipal Police	4
Ministries and work units (Indonesian Government) officials	Ministry of Public Works and Housing; BBWS Citarum officials	2
West Java Province work unit official	Department of Water Resources Management of West Java Province	1
Academics	Flood disaster expert and public policy in universities	2
Public	Flood-affected people in Bandung City	10

Figure 2. Policy evaluation framework for flood control in Bandung City.

Table 2. Policies and accomplishments of the rkpd for flood control in Bandung City

Policy	Accomplishment
Green open space	Although the target was 12.60%, but only 12.25% of the total area was achieved.
River dimension improvement	Improvement refers to the concept of river normalization and naturalization. The government has built 10 retention ponds to regulate river flows.
Slum area management	The slums along the riverbanks are difficult to relocate since there are many permanent and semi-permanent buildings.
Drainage development and maintenance	Construction was carried out on six roads in Bandung City. Drainage conditions are still not optimal to accommodate extreme rainfall because they are restricted by sediment and garbage. Handling is still sporadic because it does not yet have a drainage master map.
Watershed management	The government has announced zero delta-Q, it was disrupted because reforestation must take into account the built-up lands claimed by the community.

Figure 3. Formulation of a strategy for flood control in Bandung City.

Table 3. Stages and measures to control floods (structural and non-structural)

Stage	Measure
Pre-disaster	1) Preparing urban drainage master plans; 2) improving the quantity and quality of drainage; 3) managing riverbank areas; 4) analyzing floods with a spatial-temporal approach; 5) Conducting regular socialization and training on flood mitigation; 6) enforcing environmental laws related to watershed management; 7) preparing a rapid reaction unit for flood management; 8) establishing flood alert stations; 9) constructing infiltration wells; 10) revising spatial planning at city and provincial levels; 11) developing upstream area in a sustainable manner; 12) making rainwater reservoirs (retention ponds); 13) improving coordination with other provincial and district/city governments; 14) building waste and garbage processing facilities; and 15) urban greening.
Disaster response	1) Optimizing the early warning system; 2) placing officers at flood observation posts; 3) preparing emergency facilities; 4) evacuating residents based on community participation; 5) providing life support and emergency health-recovery services for affected communities; and 6) recording the location and number of victims.
Post-disaster	1) Physical restoration (buildings, public facilities, and infrastructure); socio-economic recovery; and 3) Building resilience.