Gender, age, and turnover intention among academic employees in higher education institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Figures & data

Figure 1. Conceptual framework of the study.

Table 1. Samples from public and private universities from the study.

Number	Private and public universities	Total academic staffs	Sample size of each university ni = n(Ni/N)
1	A	645	131
2	B	476	96
3	C	149	30
4	D	304	62
Total		1574	319

Note: N = signifies the population under study; Ni = signifies the population of each university; n = signifies the total sample size under study; and ni = signifies the sample size for each university.

Table 2. Respondents of the level of turnover intention (n = 319).

Items	Mean	SD
T1	3.364	1.329
T2	3.342	1.324
T3	3.367	1.334

Note: T1, T2, and T3= Items of turnover intention; Aggregate Mean of Academic Employee Turnover Intention =3.357; Standard deviation: 1.304.

Table 3. Difference between male and female academic employees’ level of turnover intention (n = 319).

		Turnover intention
	Category	Mean (SD)	df	t	Mean differ.	Sig.(2-tailed)
Gender	Male	3.239 (1.310)	317	−2.831	−0.460	0.005
	Female	3.699 (1.139)

Note: p < .05; Sig. = Significance; SD = Standard deviation.

Table 4. Difference in academic employee turnover intention levels among different age groups (n = 319).

	Turnover intention
	Category	Frequency (%)	Mean (SD)	F	P
Age (years)	< =30	67(21)	2.955(0.148)	5.468	0.001
	31–40	181(56.7)	3.501(0.095)
	41–50	56(17.6)	3.577(0.163)
	> =51	15 (4.7)	2.600 (0.327)

Note: p < .05; Sig. = significance; SD = Standard deviation.

Table 5. Multiple comparisons of different age groups and academic employee turnover intention (n = 319).

I (Age) years	J (Age) years	Mean difference (I-J)	Sig. (2-tailed)
< =30	31-40	−0.546	0.014**
	41-50	−0.622	0.033**
	> =51	0.355	0.755
31-40	< =30	0.546	0.014**
	41-50	−0.076	0.979
	> =51	0.901	0.040**
41-50	< =30	0.622	0.033**
	31-40	0.076	0.979
	> =51	0.977	0.039**
> =51	< =30	−0.355	0.755
	31-40	−0.901	0.040**
	41-50	−0.977	0.039**

Note: **p < .05; Sig. = significance.

Data availability statement

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.