Reconciling conflicts between cultural beliefs, and human rights standards in coastal communities of Ghana: preserving cultural rights and promoting sustainable fishing practices

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map of the Ghanaian coastal communities.

Table 1. Selection criteria for FGD participants by their categories per community and gender.

CATEGORY	COMMUNITIES								TOTAL
	APAM		ELMINA		TAKORADI		AXIM
	M	F	M	F	M	F	M	F
Elder/ Chief of community	1	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	4
Chief Priest/ priestess	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	4
Chief Fisherman	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	4
Christian religious leader	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	4
Islam religious leader	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	4
Assemblyman	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	4
Fisherman	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	4
Fishmonger	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	4
Civil Society Organization (Hen Mpoano representative),	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	0	4
Female community member,	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	4
Youth group leader	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	4
District Assembly planning officer	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	4
TOTAL	6	6	6	6	7	5	6	6	48

Source: Field work, 2021.

Table 2. Themes and sub-themes generated from the qualitative data.

	Themes		Sub-Themes
1	Cultural practices and environmental impact	1	Ritualistic practices at sea
2	Discrimination and gender inequality	2	Impact on women and girls
		3	Use of children in fishing
3	Legal and Policy Reforms	4	Role of legal reforms
4	Strategies for reconciliation	5	Dialogue and engagement
		6	Education and awareness raising
		7	Empowerment of women and marginalized groups
5	Cultural adaptation	8	Adapting cultural practices