Examining the impact of Islamic work ethics on employee voice behavior: mediating effect of felt obligation for constructive change and moderating role of sanctification of work

Figures & data

Figure 1. Proposed hypothesized model.

Table 1. Analysis of variance test.

Demographics	FOCC		PMV		PHV
	F	p-value	F	p-value	F	p-value
Gender	.22	.79	.72	.48	.17	.83
Age	.67	.50	.95	.38	.32	.72
Education	.71	.54	1.32	.26	1.46	.22
Experience	.57	.56	.80	.44	.07	.92

Note: n = 343, FOCC = Felt obligation for constructive change, PMV = Promotive voice, PHV = Prohibitive voice.

Table 2. Mean, standard deviation correlation analysis and reliability.

S.No	Variable	Mean	SD	α	1	2	3	4	5
1	IWE	3.58	.67	.94	1
2	FOCC	3.43	.85	.87	.54**	1
3	PMV	3.27	.78	.84	.56**	.53**	1	.
4	PHV	3.33	.77	.83	.50**	.41**	.63**	1
5	SOW	3.42	.69	.90	.33**	.39**	.31**	. 24**	1

Notes: *p < .05, **p < .01, n = 343, FOCC = Felt obligation for constructive change, PMV = Promotive voice, PHV = Prohibitive voice, SOW = Sanctification of work, IWE = Islamic work ethics, α = reliability.

Table 3. Bootstrapping results for direct and indirect effects.

	Direct effects	Coefficient	SE	ts
H1	Islamic work ethics → Promotive voice	.44**	.05	7.71
H2	Islamic work ethics → Prohibitive voice	.45**	.06	7.31
	Islamic work ethics → FOCC	.68**	.05	11.91
	FOCC → Promotive voice	.29**	.04	6.50
	FOCC → Prohibitive voice	.18**	.04	3.72

(95% bias-corrected confidence interval method).

	Indirect effect	Effect	SE	LL	UL
H3	Islamic work ethics → FOCC→ Promotive voice	.20	.04	.12	.30
H4	Islamic work ethics → FOCC→ Prohibitive voice	.12	.04	.04	.22

Notes: = 343, LL lower limit, UL upper limit, SE standard error, *p < .05, **p < .01, FOCC = Felt obligation for constructive change.

Figure 2. Moderation graph for the enhancing effect of sanctification of work on the relationship of the Islamic work ethic on felt obligation for constructive change.

Table 4. Moderation Analysis.

	Moderator Sanctification of work
			β	S. E	ΔR²
	Constant		3.39	.03
	Islamic work ethics → Felt obligation for constructive change		.64**	.05
	Sanctification of work → Felt obligation for constructive change		.31**	.05
H5	Islamic work ethics X Sanctification of work → Felt obligation for constructive change		.27**	.06	.03**
	Conditional Effects of Moderator at M ± 1 SD (Slope Test)	Effect	S. E	LL95%CI	UL95%CI
	Sanctification of work Low −1 SD (-.82)	.45	.06	.33	.58
	Sanctification of work M (.00)	.64	.05	.53	.76
	Sanctification of work High +1 SD (.82)	.83	.08	.67	.98

Notes: = 343, LL lower limit, UL upper limit, SE standard error, *p < .05, **p < .01.