Forage yield and quality parameters of eight oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes at multilocation trials in Eastern Oromia, Ethiopia

Figures & data

Figure 1. Geographical location map of selected districts of West Hararghe Zone.

Table 1. Combined analysis of variance for the measured morphological trait of oat genotypes

Parameters	G	E	Y	G*E	G*Y	G*E*Y	Mean	CV (%)	R^2
50% (days)	***	***	***	NS	NS	***	70.23	8.64	0.92
PH (cm)	***	***	***	NS	NS	***	101.72	7.01	0.93
Bm (t/ha)	*	***	***	NS	**	***	41.02	31.19	0.73
LSR	**	*	***	NS	NS	***	0.67	30.94	0.65
DMY (t/ha)	***	***	***	NS	*	***	7.62	27.82	0.71
DM (days)	***	***	***	***	***	***	126.04	2.28	0.99
Sy (qu/ha)	***	***	**	NS	NS	NS	38.1	25.51	0.78

G = Genotype, E = Environment, Y = Year, CV (%) = Percentage of coefficient of variation, 50% (days) = 50% flowering stage, LSR = Leaf-to-stem ratio, Bm (t/ha) = Biomass yield in ton per hectare, PH (cm) = Plant height in centimeter, MD = Date of maturity, Sy (qu/ha) = Seed yield in quintal per hectare, DMY (t/ha) = Dry Matter Yield in ton per hectare.

Table 2. Location by year analysis of days of 50% flowering stage of oat genotypes during 2017 and 2018, at Daro Lebu, Habro, Chiro, and Tulo

Genotypes	Daro Lebu		Habro		Chiro		Tulo		Mean Average
	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018
ILRI#5442	59.00	53.33	85.33	52.67	80.00	65.00	75.00	48.33	64.83
ILRI#5445	55.67	50.33	75.33	49.67	66.00	50.67	68.00	23.00	54.83
ILRI#5447	74.00	60.00	106.00	58.67	90.00	65.00	89.00	65.00	75.96
ILRI#5450	70.00	58.67	90.67	56.00	90.00	65.00	77.00	65.00	71.54
ILRI#5457	56.67	50.33	76.33	52.00	71.00	51.33	77.00	45.67	60.04
ILRI#5467	61.33	58.67	96.67	54.33	90.00	65.00	84.00	65.00	71.88
ILRI#5478	65.33	56.00	89.67	56.00	87.00	65.00	77.00	65.00	70.13
ILRI#7251	58.00	51.67	81.00	52.00	76.67	51.33	73.00	45.67	61.17
Bonsa	87.67	74.00	110.00	72.00	107.00	75.00	89.00	78.00	86.58
SRCPX80Ab2806	89.33	68.67	109.67	72.00	102.00	75.00	89.00	77.00	85.33
Mean	67.7	58.17	92.01	57.53	85.97	62.83	79.8	57.77	70.23
CV (%)	5.27	9.82	4.87	3.61	8.14	0.93	8.24	20.56	10.01
LSD (5%)	6.12	9.80	7.67	3.57	12.00	1.00	11.28	20.37	4.009
PV	<0.001	0.0009	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.007	0.0006	<0.0001

CV (%) = percentage of coefficient of variance, LSD = least significant difference.

Table 3. Location by year analysis of plant height (cm) of oat genotypes during 2017 and 2018, at Daro Lebu, Habro, Chiro, and Tulo

Genotype	Daro Lebu		Habro		Chiro		Tulo		Mean Average
	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018
ILRI#5442	72.33	58.00	94.33	73.53	88.33	90.93	119.56	91.27	86.04
ILRI#5445	98.73	71.33	108.78	87.73	129.33	112.07	139.89	116.33	108.03
ILRI#5447	102.67	69.53	111.44	87.13	113.78	108.27	133.00	113.00	104.85
ILRI#5450	105.20	70.00	109.11	92.40	128.22	109.13	137.78	116.67	108.56
ILRI#5457	100.80	73.47	107.11	80.20	112.67	104.00	137.44	111.00	103.34b
ILRI#5467	101.40	68.80	92.78	81.87	111.00	100.53	139.22	110.33	100.74
ILRI#5478	105.07	72.07	103.22	90.13	127.56	105.20	138.22	111.93	106.68
ILRI#7251	90.13	65.60	106.44	80.33	120.33	103.47	129.56	105.27	100.14
Bonsa	90.07	59.00	101.56	81.53	113.56	98.73	136.00	103.07	97.94
SRCPX80Ab2806	97.87	59.60	100.00	86.33	115.44	97.87	145.89	103.73	100.84
Mean	96.43	66.74	403.48	84.12	116.02	103.02	135.66	108.26	101.72
CV (%)	7.93	7.18	6.70	5.11	6.03	5.54	7.60	4.59	6.96
LSD (5%)	13.12	8.22	11.89	7.38	12.00	9.8	17.69	8.53	4.0371
P-Value	0.0016	0.0035	0.047	0.0016	<0.0001	0.0103	0.404	0.0002	<0.0001

CV (%) = Percentage of coefficient of variance, LSD (5%) = Least significant difference at 5%.

Table 4. Location by year analysis of biomass (t/ha) of oat genotypes during 2017 and 2018, at Daro Lebu, Habro, Chiro, and Tulo

Genotypes	Daro Lebu		Habro		Chiro		Tulo		Mean Average
	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018
ILRI#5442	26.60	23.98	63.60	23.20	41.53	52.19	98.20	31.75	45.13
ILRI#5445	29.93	19.42	54.47	23.27	40.07	26.07	70.67	28.23	36.52
ILRI#5447	31.80	20.76	55.12	33.61	42.60	38.39	66.47	34.78	40.44
ILRI#5450	36.80	20.38	70.33	28.37	45.73	44.97	86.13	47.07	47.47
ILRI#5457	33.20	24.98	51.87	22.28	40.60	35.47	63.93	29.55	37.73
ILRI#5467	33.93	20.06	63.80	29.11	40.67	48.83	61.80	38.88	42.13
ILRI#5478	31.40	19.89	61.07	28.12	45.40	48.59	79.60	33.74	43.48
ILRI#7251	33.93	21.79	74.27	25.80	41.60	33.60	86.00	29.89	43.36
Bonsa	25.33	21.69	42.06	36.28	32.33	43.60	42.80	45.40	36.19
SRCPX80Ab2806	29.20	21.16	53.93	32.19	42.40	40.80	39.73	41.74	37.65
Mean	31.21	21.41	59.05	28.22	41.29	41.25	69.53	36.11	41.01
CV (%)	25.68	22.80	27.48	31.16	25.71	20.57	35.76	24.65	32.40
LSD (5%)	13.75	8.37	27.8	15.01	18.2	14.56	42.66	15.27	7.5745
P-Value	0.7963	0.9142	0.4581	0.5682	0.9389	0.0353	0.1587	0.149	<0.0001

CV (%) = Percentage of coefficient of variance, LSD (5%) = Least significant difference at 5%.

Table 5. Location by year analysis of leaf-to-stem ratio of oat genotypes during 2017 and 2018, at Daro Lebu, Habro, Chiro, and Tulo

Genotypes	Daro Lebu		Habro		Chiro		Tulo		Mean Average
	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018
ILRI#5442	0.41	1.07	0.63	0.76	0.28	0.99	0.84	0.73	0.71
ILRI#5445	0.40	0.89	0.67	0.70	0.61	0.88	0.61	0.61	0.67
ILRI#5447	0.62	0.79	0.51	1.09	0.56	0.84	0.53	0.69	0.71
ILRI#5450	0.61	0.77	0.37	0.72	0.50	0.90	0.39	0.94	0.65
ILRI#5457	0.53	0.84	1.01	0.60	0.53	0.88	0.54	0.58	0.69
ILRI#5467	0.61	1.32	0.67	0.73	0.54	0.95	0.67	0.87	0.80
ILRI#5478	0.53	0.95	0.58	0.64	0.47	0.85	0.68	0.78	0.69
ILRI#7251	0.47	0.95	0.67	0.78	0.48	0.72	0.62	1.01	0.71
Bonsa	0.37	1.05	0.29	0.88	0.25	0.34	0.42	0.37	0.49
SRCPX80Ab2806	0.45	0.93	0.25	1.21	0.51	0.37	0.61	0.43	0.60
Mean	0.5	0.96	0.57	0.81	0.47	0.77	0.59	0.70	0.67
CV (%)	35.93	34.81	30.59	27.71	32.59	23.69	26.68	29.89	36.60
LSD (5%)	0.31	0.57	0.30	0.39	0.26	0.31	0.27	0.36	0.14
P-Value	0.5957	0.7057	0.0017	0.0611	0.1604	0.0022	0.097	0.0219	0.002

CV (%) = Percentage of coefficient of variance, LSD (5%) = Least significant difference at 5%.

Table 6. Location by year analysis of dry matter (t/ha) of oat genotypes during 2017 and 2018, at Daro Lebu, Habro, Chiro, and Tulo

Genotype	Daro Lebu		Habro		Chiro		Tulo		Mean Average
	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018
ILRI#5442	4.82	7.47	8.91	5.52	13.3	11.64	10.41	7.47	8.73
ILRI#5445	3.91	5.29	8.59	4.43	12.76	5.08	9.34	5.29	6.96
ILRI#5447	4.86	6.15	9.82	5.73	15.53	6.97	11.19	6.15	8.34
ILRI#5450	5.29	10.53	7.00	6.06	13.62	9.06	9.94	10.53	9.00
ILRI#5457	2.57	6.93	9.41	5.38	15.47	6.67	8.78	6.93	7.77
ILRI#5467	4.57	6.81	6.69	4.78	11.23	8.23	8.16	6.81	7.16
ILRI#5478	4.53	5.68	5.98	4.71	7.93	7.94	7.25	5.65	6.2
ILRI#7251	2.96	6.17	7.82	5.5	10.42	6.44	7.43	6.07	6.59
Bonsa	5.31	6.52	11.66	5.29	10.91	7.72	9.56	6.94	8.04
SRCPX80Ab2806	5.27	6.94	11.63	5.03	7.64	7.94	8.52	6.62	7.38
Mean	4.74	6.83	8.75	5.34	11.88	7.83	9.09	6.83	7.61
CV (%)	29.18	30.53	26.5	32.74	30.48	22.29	16.32	30.53	27.80
LSD (5%)	2.19	3.56	3.98	3	6.21	3	2.54	5.58	1.21
P-Value	0.1031	0.2363	0.087	0.995	0.1478	0.0252	0.059	0.2367	<0.0001

CV (%) = Percentage of coefficient of variance, LSD (5%) = Least significant difference at 5%.

Table 7. Location by year analysis for maturity dates of oat genotypes during 2017 and 2018, at Daro Lebu, Habro, Chiro, and Tulo

Genotype	Daro Lebu		Habro		Chiro		Tulo		Mean Average
	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018
ILRI#5442	117	111	138	83.33	154	113	136.33	103.33	119
ILRI#5445	117	121	138	86	140	126	131.67	97	119.58
ILRI#5447	119.3	111	141	83.33	154	112.67	138.11	113	121.56
ILRI#5450	117	114.33	138	82	154	112.67	136.33	113	120.92
ILRI#5457	117	121	138	84.67	149.33	126	134.77	103.33	121.76
ILRI#5467	117	111	139	82	154	113	136.66	113	120.71
ILRI#5478	117	111	141	82	154	113	137.33	113	121.04
ILRI#7251	117	121	138	84.67	140	126	131.67	103.33	120.21
Bonsa	117	128.33	147	104	154	134	139.33	105	128.58
SRCPX80Ab2806	128.7	132	147	104	154.00	134	143.22	105	130.98
Mean	118.4	118.17	140.5	87.6	150.73	121.03	136.54	106.9	122.49
CV (%)	2.3	2.42	4.17	1.69	1.7	0.20	1.1	4.96	3.65
LSD (5%)	14.68	4.91	1.73	2.54	4.38	0.42	1.57	9.09	2.6228
P-Value	0.0011	<0.0001	0.0003	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0118	<0.0001

CV (%) = Percentage of coefficient of variance, LSD (5%) = Least significant difference at 5%.

Table 8. Location by year analysis of seed yield (qt/ha) of oat genotypes during 2017 and 2018, at Daro Lebu, Habro, Chiro, and Tulo

Genotype	Daro Lebu		Habro		Chiro		Tulo		Mean Average
	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018	2017	2018
ILRI#5442	19.71	25.40	37.96	36.63	52.04	60.12	48.20	43.27	40.42
ILRI#5445	16.34	22.10	47.16	36.12	55.21	69.66	40.59	49.61	42.10
ILRI#5447	19.81	19.09.	21.08	30.31	42.46	66.13	26.42	42.42	33.46
ILRI#5450	21.23	13.85	27.01	30.16	44.32	60.66	28.44	41.37	33.38
ILRI#5457	25.18	26.17	33.59	34.86	57.08	66.28	52.62	49.57	43.17
ILRI#5467	25.45	20.72	28.57	35.41	48.11	64.90	37.77	46.94	38.48
ILRI#5478	22.66	16.50	30.84	39.67	52.17	52.98	35.02	47.24	37.13
ILRI#7251	21.67	25.63	39.71	37.59	46.46	69.49	60.45	49.31	43.79
Bonsa	17.56	12.43	27.74	32.70	56.71	46.46	36.66	44.04	34.29
SRCPX80Ab2806	19.48	12.93	26.40	17.42	55.03	48.78	51.90	46.09	34.76
Mean	20.91	19.48	32.01	33.09	50.96	60.55	41.8	45.99	38.1
CV (%)	28.51	16.01	10.07	16.69	13.9	14.3	47.23	15.83	24.28
LSD (5%)	10.22	5.35	5.53	9.63	12.15	14.85	33.86	12.48	5.27
P-Value	0.6655	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.008	0.167	0.028	0.507	0.8318	0.0095

CV (%) = Percentage of coefficient of variance, LSD (5%) = Least significant difference at 5%.

Table 9. ANOVA table for biomass yield in AMMI model at 2 years (2017 and 2018)

Source	DF	SS	MS	% Contribution to the variation	% G x E	F pro
Total	239	96720	404.7
Treatments	39	28070	719.8			<.001
Genotypes	9	3299	366.5	3.41		0.4032
Environments	3	21747	7249.1	22.48		<.001
Block	8	1523	190.4			0.8218
Interactions	27	3024	112	3.13		0.9995
IPCA 1	11	2018	183.5		66.73	0.8851
IPCA 2	9	634	70.5		20.97	0.9938
Residuals	7	372	53.1		12.3	0.9935
Error	192	67126	349.6

DF = Degree of freedom, SS = Sum square, MS = Mean square, G = Genotype, E = Environment.

Table 10. ANOVA table for dry matter yield in AMMI model at 2 years

Source	DF	SS	MS	% Contribution to the variation	% G x E	F pro
Total	239	2459.9	10.29
Treatments	39	900.9	23.1			<.001
Genotypes	9	183.3	20.36	7.45		0.0085
Environments	3	570.7	190.22	23.20		<.001
Block	8	29.2	3.65			0.8842
Interactions	27	146.9	5.44	5.97		0.8796
IPCA 1	11	93.5	8.5		63.65	0.3899
IPCA 2	9	50.7	5.64		34.51	0.7014
Residuals	7	2.7	0.38		1.85	0.9999
Error	192	1529.8	7.97

DF = Degree of freedom, SS = Sum square, MS = Mean square, G = Genotype, E = Environment.

Table 11. Least square mean of eight oat genotypes with two check chemical compositions in Western Hararghe

Genotypes	DM%	Ash%	CP%	NDF%	ADF%	ADL%	IVDMD%	OM%
ILRI#5450	92.71	10.58	1.08	74.15	65.38	7.82	57.75	82.13
ILRI#5442	92.84	10.57	9.80	74.83	65.79	7.08	57.32	82.27
ILRI#5445	92.80	10.44	9.85	74.57	63.85	7.30	57.43	82.37
ILRI#5447	92.76	10.60	1.00	74.57	66.36	7.44	57.62	82.16
ILRI#5457	92.90	11.40	1.03	75.26	65.62	7.36	57.68	81.50
ILRI#5467	92.85	11.22	1.21	75.80	68.67	7.38	57.88	81.63
ILRI#5478	92.80	10.71	1.00	74.70	66.11	7.37	57.62	82.09
ILRI#7251	92.82	10.89	1.02	75.06	64.09	7.89	57.72	81.93
Bonsa	92.71	9.81	9.64	73.44	62.83	7.82	57.14	82.90
SRCPX80Ab2806	92.63	9.47	9.66	73.35	63.04	7.97	57.16	83.16
Mean	92.78	10.57	9.93	74.57	65.17	7.54	57.53	82.21
CV (%)	0.12	14.56	6.54	1.73	4.3	12.06	1.66	1.83
LSD(.05)	0.17	2.23	.94	1.88	4.07	1.32	1.39	2.18
P-V	0.0951	0.8081	.9599	0.2387	0.1705	0.8994	0.9730	0.8856

ADF (%) = Acid detergent fiber in percentage, ADL (%) = Acid detergent lignin in percentage, CV (%) = percentage of coefficient of variance, LSD = Least significant difference, DM (%) = Dry matter in percentage, CP (%) = Crude protein percentage, IVDMD (%) = In-vitro dry matter digestibility in percentage, NDF (%) = Neutral detergent fiber in percentage, OM (%) = Organic matter in percentage.

Data availability statement

The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request.