The East African HIV prevention model: Perspectives from HIV-positive male immigrants living in the USA

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics of key participants (n = 11)

Characteristic	Range
Age (years)	(23–57)
	n (%)
Gender
Male	11 (100)
Origin of birth
East Africa^a	11 (100)
Immigrated to United States
5 months–2 years	6 (55)
3–5 years	4 (36)
≥12 years	1 (9)
English speaking (self-reported)
Proficient	8 (73)
Limited proficiency	1 (9)
No proficiency	2 (18)
Religion
Christian (e.g. Catholic, Protestant, Lutheran)	6 (55)
Muslim	5 (45)
Sexual orientation
Heterosexual	10 (91)
Homosexual	1 (9)
Highest educational attainment
No formal education	1 (9)
Some education	5 (45)
High school diploma	2 (18)
Some college	2 (18)
College degree	1 (9)
Time since diagnosis
<1 year	3 (27)
1–5 years	5 (45)
6–13 years	3 (27)
Perceived HIV exposure
Heterosexual intercourse	4 (36)
Sex worker in Africa	2 (18)
Unknown	2 (18)
Homosexual intercourse	1 (9)
Head shaved repeatedly with contaminated blade in African prison	1 (9)
Heterosexual intercourse or exposure to blood as first responder in Africa	1 (9)
Reason for HIV testing
Immigration	9 (82)
Symptoms	2 (18)

^a East African country of origin included Ethiopia (n = 5), Sudan (n = 2), Burundi (n = 1), Somalia (n = 1), Eritrea (n = 1), and Kenya (n = 1).

Table 2. Demographics of system participants and interactors

Characteristic	Systems (n = 11)	Interactors (n = 11)
	n (%)	n (%)
Relationship to HIV-positive East African men
Director/coordinator/manager HIV/AIDS program	4 (46)
Social worker/counselor/outreach worker	3 (27)
Case manager	3 (27)
Infectious disease physician	1 (9)
HIV-negative family/friends (including sexual partners)		6 (55)
East African community & religious leaders		3 (27)
HIV-positive family/friends		2 (18)
Highest educational attainment
High school diploma	1 (9)
Some college		4 (36)
College degree	8 (73)	4 (36)
Advanced degree	2 (18)	2 (18)
Unknown		1 (9)
Gender
Male	5 (45)	7 (64)
Female	6 (55)	4(36)
Sexual orientation
Heterosexual	10 (91)	9 (82)
Homosexual	1 (9)	2 (18)
Origin of birth
East Africa^a	7 (64)	8 (73)
Other^b	4 (36)	3 (27)
	Range	Range
Age (years)	(30–56)	(20–55)

^a East African country of origin among system participants included Kenya (n = 4), Ethiopia (n = 2), and Sudan (n = 1). East African country of origin among interactor participants included Ethiopia (n = 6) and Kenya (n = 2).

^b Countries of origin among non-East African system participants included the United States (n = 3) and Nigeria (n = 1). Countries of origin among non-East African interactor participants included the United States (n = 1), Nigeria (n = 1), and Liberia (n = 1).

Figure 1. The East African HIV prevention model.