Association between health literacy and diabetes control in a pharmacist-run disease state management clinic

Figures & data

Table 1. Patient characteristics categorized by health literacy group

Characteristic	Inadequate health literacy (n = 61)	Adequate health literacy (n = 35)	p-value
Age, mean ± SD	56.8 ± 10.9	55.8 ± 9.8	0.684
Gender, no. (%)
Male	25 (41)	11 (31.4)	0.388
Female	36 (59)	24 (68.6)
Body mass index, mean ± SD	34.4 ± 8.1	34.5 ± 7.0	0.764
Anti-diabetic medications, no. (%)
<3 medications	35 (41)	24 (68.6)	0.384
≥ 3 medications	26 (59)	11 (31.4)
Prescribed insulin, no. (%)	40 (65.6)	20 (57.1)	0.512
Ethnicity, no. (%)
White, non-hispanic	18 (29.5)	18 (51.4)	0.082
Hispanic	31 (50.8)	14 (40)
Other	12 (19.7)	3 (8.6)
A1C baseline, mean ± SD	9.2 ± 1.8	9.6 ± 2.2	0.280
A1C final value, mean ± SD	8.3 ± 1.7	8.4 ± 2.2	0.936