Cancer prevalence, incidence and mortality rates in Pakistan in 2012

Figures & data

Table 1. Estimated 1, 3 and 5-year prevalent cancer cases in Pakistani adult population, 2012

Cancer	ICD-10	Male				Female
		Incidence	1-year (prop.)	3-year (prop.)	5-year (prop.)	Incidence	1-year (prop.)	3-year (prop.)	5-year (prop.)
Bladder	C67	3,020	2,056 (3.4)	5,247 (8.8)	7,830 (13.1)	942	651 (1.1)	1,674 (2.9)	2,508 (4.3)
Brain, nervous system	C70–72	2,382	1,179 (2.0)	2,747 (4.6)	3,863 (6.5)	1,351	693 (1.2)	1,617 (2.8)	2,274 (3.9)
Breast	C50	–	–	–	–	34,033	29,349 (50.4)	78,508 (134.9)	119,710 (205.8)
Cervix uteri	C53	–	–	–	–	5,233	3,940 (6.8)	10,201 (17.5)	15,323 (26.3)
Colorectum	C18–21	3,133	1,982 (3.3)	4,819 (8.1)	6,976 (11.7)	2,179	1,412 (2.4)	3,425 (5.9)	4,941 (8.5)
Corpus uteri	C54	–	–	–	–	2,171	1,896 (3.3)	5,242 (9.0)	8,190 (14.1)
Gallbladder	C23–24	543	196 (0.3)	457 (0.8)	655 (1.1)	1,296	493 (0.8)	1,141 (2.0)	1,616 (2.8)
Hodgkin lymphoma	C81	1,096	758 (1.3)	2,069 (3.5)	3,230 (5.4)	559	407 (0.7)	1,123 (1.9)	1,773 (3.0)
Kaposi sarcoma	C46	4	3 (0.0)	6 (0.0)	9 (0.0)	4	3 (0.0)	6 (0.0)	9 (0.0)
Kidney	C64–66	967	495 (0.8)	1,352 (2.3)	2,112 (3.5)	510	257 (0.4)	727 (1.2)	1,162 (2.0)
Larynx	C32	3,003	2,054 (3.4)	5,252 (8.8)	7,882 (13.2)	409	283 (0.5)	723 (1.2)	1,088 (1.9)
Leukaemia	C91–95	1,852	785 (1.3)	1,765 (3.0)	2,450 (4.1)	1,293	561 (1.0)	1,254 (2.2)	1,728 (3.0)
Lip, oral cavity	C00–08	7,041	4,520 (7.6)	11,360 (19.0)	16,781 (28.1)	5,675	3,759 (6.5)	9,419 (16.2)	13,866 (23.8)
Liver	C22	2,813	601 (1.0)	1,238 (2.1)	1,653 (2.8)	1,495	331 (0.6)	684 (1.2)	910 (1.6)
Lung	C33–34	5,767	1,794 (3.0)	3,694 (6.2)	4,876 (8.2)	1,023	325 (0.6)	670 (1.2)	885 (1.5)
Melanoma of skin	C43	190	113 (0.2)	309 (0.5)	479 (0.8)	129	87 (0.1)	233 (0.4)	355 (0.6)
Multiple myeloma	C88+C90	419	212 (0.4)	470 (0.8)	636 (1.1)	320	171 (0.3)	384 (0.7)	526 (0.9)
Nasopharynx	C11	559	410 (0.7)	1,031 (1.7)	1,514 (2.5)	228	152 (0.3)	390 (0.7)	577 (1.0)
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	C82–85,C96	3,439	1,686 (2.8)	4,090 (6.8)	5,970 (10.0)	2,130	1,069 (1.8)	2,580 (4.4)	3,744 (6.4)
Oesophagus	C15	2,450	838 (1.4)	1,756 (2.9)	2,334 (3.9)	2,718	968 (1.7)	2,044 (3.5)	2,732 (4.7)
Other pharynx	C09–10,C12–14	1,819	1,133 (1.9)	2,828 (4.7)	4,197 (7.0)	879	570 (1.0)	1,415 (2.4)	2,087 (3.6)
Ovary	C56	–	–	–	–	3,633	2,558 (4.4)	6,344 (10.9)	9,268 (15.9)
Pancreas	C25	320	76 (0.1)	167 (0.3)	231 (0.4)	255	60 (0.1)	132 (0.2)	183 (0.3)
Prostate	C61	3,041	2,207 (3.7)	5,343 (8.9)	7,632 (12.8)	–	–	–	–
Stomach	C16	2,401	969 (1.6)	2,213 (3.7)	3,118 (5.2)	1,432	594 (1.0)	1,363 (2.3)	1,926 (3.3)
Testis	C62	807	546 (0.9)	1,588 (2.7)	2,610 (4.4)	–	–	–	–
Thyroid	C73	482	386 (0.6)	1,101 (1.8)	1,775 (3.0)	1,582	1,246 (2.1)	3,597 (6.2)	5,859 (10.1)
All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer	C00–97/C44	60,525	32,468 (54.3)	79,473 (132.9)	116,217 (194.3)	82,931	58,577 (100.7)	151,700 (260.7)	22,8026 (391.9)

Table 2. Estimated number of new cancer cases by age in Pakistani male population, 2012

Cancer	Total	0–14	15–39	40–44	45–49	50–54	55–59	60–64	65–69	70–74	75+	Crude	ASR	CR [0–74]
Bladder	3,020 (4.8)	–	119	107	191	313	386	495	502	418	489	3.3	5.1	0.6
Brain, nervous system	2,683 (4.2)	301	1,044	236	242	248	219	165	119	67	42	2.9	3.4	0.3
Colorectum	3,138 (4.9)	5	729	233	275	313	345	358	330	259	291	3.4	4.7	0.5
Gallbladder	543 (0.9)	–	52	27	32	45	71	104	98	64	50	0.6	0.9	0.1
Hodgkin lymphoma	1,333 (2.1)	237	495	116	117	105	85	64	49	33	32	1.5	1.7	0.1
Kaposi sarcoma	4 (0.0)	–	4	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kidney	1,071 (1.7)	104	93	66	88	105	126	135	133	105	116	1.2	1.7	0.2
Larynx	3,009 (4.7)	6	156	177	285	366	469	508	476	321	245	3.3	5.0	0.6
Leukaemia	2,872 (4.5)	1,020	1,003	127	124	133	126	105	90	68	76	3.1	3.3	0.3
Lip, oral cavity	7,068 (11.1)	27	1,501	733	803	810	801	789	675	477	452	7.7	10.5	1.2
Liver	2,824 (4.5)	11	132	130	254	377	451	449	449	314	257	3.1	4.7	0.6
Lung	5,772 (9.1)	5	216	216	359	550	838	1,047	1,011	767	763	6.3	9.7	1.2
Melanoma of skin	196 (0.3)	6	77	25	23	20	16	12	8	5	4	0.2	0.3	0.0
Multiple myeloma	423 (0.7)	4	19	14	34	67	79	52	71	45	38	0.5	0.7	0.1
Nasopharynx	567 (0.9)	8	184	55	65	71	74	41	11	13	45	0.6	0.8	0.1
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	3,721 (5.9)	282	896	258	316	366	388	362	320	249	284	4.1	5.3	0.6
Oesophagus	2,450 (3.9)	–	323	152	199	257	323	368	336	248	244	2.7	3.9	0.5
Other pharynx	1,819 (2.9)	–	142	82	117	200	206	259	294	245	274	2.0	3.0	0.4
Pancreas	320 (0.5)	–	43	10	47	58	44	37	42	28	11	0.4	0.5	0.1
Prostate	3,041 (4.8)	–	13	19	31	120	197	459	678	663	861	3.3	5.3	0.7
Stomach	2,408 (3.8)	7	300	183	267	286	300	329	294	219	223	2.6	3.8	0.4
Testis	870 (1.4)	63	610	69	46	22	14	16	13	9	8	1.0	0.9	0.1
Thyroid	488 (0.8)	6	184	45	47	52	41	33	38	28	14	0.5	0.7	0.1
All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer	63,451 (100)	2,926 (4.6)	11,386 (17.9)	4,030 (6.4)	5,051 (8.0)	6,014 (9.5)	6,814 (10.7)	7,465 (11.8)	7,816 (12.3)	5,880 (9.3)	6,069 (9.6)	69.4	96.0	10.5

Notes: Crude and age-standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000.

Cumulative risk (CR) [0–74], percent.

Bold values indicate cancer types have the highest incidence and mortality.

Table 3. Estimated number of new cancer cases by age in Pakistani female population, 2012

Cancer	Total	0–14	15–39	40–44	45–49	50–54	55–59	60–64	65–69	70–74	75+	Crude	ASR	CR [0–74]
Bladder	947 (1.1)	5	68	35	55	96	115	134	160	134	145	1.1	1.6	0.2
Brain, nervous system	1,570 (1.9)	219	484	128	171	176	149	111	75	39	18	1.8	2.1	0.2
Breast	34,038 (40.2)	5	8,033	4,727	5,294	4,909	4,000	2,944	2,059	1,199	868	38.4	50.3	5.2
Cervix uteri	5,233 (6.2)	–	971	669	899	978	768	459	278	136	75	5.9	7.9	0.8
Colorectum	2,197 (2.6)	18	559	195	237	254	266	253	199	125	91	2.5	3.3	0.4
Corpus uteri	2,171 (2.6)	–	198	165	255	340	375	338	246	148	106	2.5	3.6	0.4
Gallbladder	1,296 (1.5)	–	78	88	145	205	237	197	146	99	101	1.5	2.2	0.3
Hodgkin lymphoma	667 (0.8)	108	353	46	42	34	25	20	16	11	12	0.8	0.8	0.1
Kaposi sarcoma	4 (0.0)	–	4	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kidney	575 (0.7)	65	87	37	59	78	91	79	41	20	18	0.6	0.9	0.1
Larynx	409 (0.5)	–	43	24	45	56	71	49	26	30	65	0.5	0.7	0.1
Leukaemia	1,737 (2.1)	444	592	125	134	132	113	83	58	33	23	2.0	2.2	0.2
Lip, oral cavity	5,693 (6.7)	18	940	462	576	736	881	812	631	382	255	6.4	9.1	1.1
Liver	1,500 (1.8)	5	78	88	165	253	264	245	196	122	84	1.7	2.5	0.3
Lung	1,028 (1.2)	5	81	38	114	155	150	130	152	114	89	1.2	1.7	0.2
Melanoma of skin	129 (0.2)	–	14	–	16	28	40	–	16	–	15	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple myeloma	320 (0.4)	–	17	22	23	29	59	76	63	30	1	0.4	0.6	0.1
Nasopharynx	228 (0.3)	–	66	43	25	–	28	–	30	8	28	0.3	0.3	0.0
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	2,243 (2.7)	113	458	179	228	264	275	232	193	143	158	2.5	3.4	0.4
Oesophagus	2,718 (3.2)	–	433	235	311	307	373	391	314	202	152	3.1	4.4	0.5
Other pharynx	879 (1.0)	–	153	35	52	117	165	145	101	61	50	1.0	1.4	0.2
Ovary	3,703 (4.4)	70	826	397	503	539	491	393	275	145	64	4.2	5.6	0.6
Pancreas	255 (0.3)	–	36	12	6	32	42	48	45	20	14	0.3	0.4	0.1
Stomach	1,432 (1.7)	–	285	162	183	183	179	160	126	83	71	1.6	2.2	0.2
Thyroid	1,587 (1.9)	5	623	189	190	163	136	110	81	50	40	1.8	2.2	0.2
All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer	84,590 (100)	1,659 (2.0)	18,168 (21.5)	89,08 (10.5)	11,056 (13.1)	11,441 (13.5)	10,734 (12.7)	8,586 (10.2)	6,776 (8.0)	3,980 (4.7)	3,282 (3.9)	95.5	127.7	13.1

Notes: Crude and age-standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000.

Cumulative risk (CR) [0–74], percent.

Bold values indicate cancer types have the highest incidence and mortality.

Table 4. Estimated number of cancer deaths by age in Pakistani male population, 2012

Cancer	Total	0–14	15–39	40–44	45–49	50–54	55–59	60–64	65–69	70–74	75+	Crude	ASR	CR [0–74]
Bladder	1,825 (3.8)	–	25	33	58	113	178	253	326	338	501	2.0	3.1	0.4
Brain, nervous system	2,081 (4.3)	233	554	187	226	241	214	169	125	76	56	2.3	2.8	0.3
Colorectum	2,288 (4.7)	12	384	139	167	207	243	264	275	252	345	2.5	3.5	0.4
Gallbladder	506 (1.0)	–	37	20	25	36	63	98	99	70	58	0.6	0.9	0.1
Hodgkin lymphoma	934 (1.9)	114	168	67	79	87	88	86	84	71	90	1.0	1.3	0.1
Kaposi sarcoma	3 (0.0)	–	3	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kidney	891 (1.8)	110	36	27	40	63	88	112	130	122	163	1.0	1.4	0.2
Larynx	1,756 (3.6)	4	44	69	127	188	253	303	315	236	217	1.9	3.0	0.4
Leukaemia	2,598 (5.4)	824	890	106	107	114	113	108	107	97	132	2.8	3.1	0.3
Lip, oral cavity	4,046 (8.4)	8	541	351	425	484	513	506	463	359	396	4.4	6.3	0.7
Liver	2,682 (5.5)	10	100	101	201	313	386	435	455	348	333	2.9	4.5	0.6
Lung	5,097 (10.5)	6	108	141	283	473	734	905	917	732	798	5.6	8.7	1.1
Melanoma of skin	124 (0.3)	4	32	14	15	15	13	11	8	6	6	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple myeloma	377 (0.8)	2	6	7	20	50	61	47	74	57	53	0.4	0.6	0.1
Nasopharynx	382 (0.8)	3	63	27	38	55	60	39	12	18	67	0.4	0.6	0.1
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	2,719 (5.6)	195	363	124	166	223	271	301	325	310	441	3.0	4.2	0.5
Oesophagus	2,241 (4.6)	–	256	129	172	237	297	321	307	245	277	2.5	3.6	0.4
Other pharynx	1,542 (3.2)	–	79	45	70	112	151	207	267	259	352	1.7	2.6	0.3
Pancreas	305 (0.6)	–	29	9	42	53	45	42	43	28	14	0.3	0.5	0.1
Prostate	2,356 (4.9)	–	13	5	4	7	16	110	348	608	1,245	2.6	3.9	0.4
Stomach	2,249 (4.6)	13	248	155	196	238	272	290	288	245	304	2.5	3.6	0.4
Testis	551 (1.1)	77	256	33	29	17	15	27	31	30	36	0.6	0.7	0.1
Thyroid	260 (0.5)	–	5	3	6	9	16	30	62	74	55	0.3	0.4	0.1
All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer	48,449 (100)	2,390 (4.9)	6,062 (12.5)	2,335 (4.8)	3,163 (6.5)	4,082 (8.4)	4,972 (10.3)	5,684 (11.7)	6,637 (13.7)	5,802 (12.0)	7,322 (15.1)	53.0	75.4	8.5

Notes: Crude and age-standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000.

Cumulative risk (CR) [0–74], percent.

Bold values indicate cancer types have the highest incidence and mortality.

Table 5. Estimated number of cancer deaths by age in Pakistani female population, 2012

Cancer	Total	0–14	15–39	40–44	45–49	50–54	55–59	60–64	65–69	70–74	75+	Crude	ASR	CR [0–74]
Bladder	571 (1.1)	3	16	11	20	35	50	71	105	110	150	0.6	1.0	0.1
Brain, nervous system	1,259 (2.4)	183	255	105	142	163	148	116	82	44	21	1.4	1.8	0.2
Breast	16,232 (30.8)	–	2,824	1,827	2,164	2,240	2,053	1,745	1,409	986	984	18.3	25.2	2.8
Cervix uteri	2,876 (5.5)	–	223	263	421	545	508	382	272	157	105	3.2	4.7	0.5
Colorectum	1,615 (3.1)	45	319	125	149	177	197	195	171	121	116	1.8	2.5	0.3
Corpus uteri	797 (1.5)	–	22	22	38	71	112	140	152	119	121	0.9	1.4	0.2
Gallbladder	1,215 (2.3)	–	58	65	120	184	213	190	153	111	121	1.4	2.1	0.2
Hodgkin lymphoma	469 (0.9)	67	137	32	35	33	31	32	33	29	40	0.5	0.7	0.1
Kaposi sarcoma	3 (0.0)	–	3	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kidney	483 (0.9)	78	40	17	35	57	74	77	47	28	30	0.5	0.8	0.1
Larynx	240 (0.5)	–	11	10	22	29	39	30	18	23	58	0.3	0.4	0.0
Leukaemia	1,582 (3.0)	364	540	107	113	115	104	83	65	45	46	1.8	2.0	0.2
Lip, oral cavity	3,220 (6.1)	6	279	215	317	444	524	511	423	277	224	3.6	5.4	0.7
Liver	1,433 (2.7)	4	61	74	142	209	243	236	210	141	113	1.6	2.5	0.3
Lung	916 (1.7)	6	50	30	97	131	127	129	140	107	99	1.0	1.6	0.2
Melanoma of skin	81 (0.2)	–	4	–	8	15	25	–	13	–	16	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple myeloma	279 (0.5)	–	6	11	14	20	48	72	69	38	1	0.3	0.5	0.1
Nasopharynx	150 (0.3)	–	20	19	13	–	21	–	30	9	38	0.2	0.2	0.0
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	1,655 (3.1)	79	199	85	120	161	190	197	199	180	245	1.9	2.7	0.3
Oesophagus	2,507 (4.8)	–	381	206	251	307	347	343	293	201	178	2.8	4.0	0.5
Other pharynx	755 (1.4)	–	98	22	35	90	129	130	105	74	72	0.9	1.3	0.2
Ovary	2,726 (5.2)	24	237	205	315	415	457	423	340	199	111	3.1	4.5	0.6
Pancreas	247 (0.5)	–	23	10	5	31	42	50	48	22	16	0.3	0.4	0.1
Stomach	1,334 (2.5)	–	242	137	151	161	162	150	131	97	103	1.5	2.1	0.2
Thyroid	759 (1.4)	–	20	14	28	29	61	115	155	152	185	0.9	1.4	0.2
All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer	52,664 (100)	1,416 (2.7)	7,728 (14.7)	4,094 (7.8)	5,604 (10.6)	6,615 (12.6)	6,998 (13.3)	6,400 (12.2)	5,821 (11.0)	3,939 (7.5)	4,049 (7.7)	59.5	83.6	9.2

Notes: Crude and age-standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000.

Cumulative risk (CR) [0–74], percent.

Bold values indicate cancer types have the highest incidence and mortality.

Table 6. Top 5 cancers in Pakistan

5-year prevalence	Incidence	Mortality
Breast (n = 119710, 34.8%)	Breast (n = 34038, 23%)	Breast (n = 16232, 16.1%)
Lip and oral cavity (n = 30647, 8.9%)	Lip and oral cavity (n = 12761, 8.6%)	Lip and oral cavity (n = 7266, 7.2%)
Cervix uteri (n = 15232, 4.5%)	Lung (n = 6800, 4.6%)	Lung (n = 6013, 5.9%)
Colorectum (n = 11917, 3,5%)	Non-hodgkin lymphoma (n = 5964, 4%)	Oesophagus (n = 4748, 4.7%)
Bladder (n = 10338, 3.0%)	Colorectum (n = 5335, 3.6%)	Non-hodgkin lymphoma (n = 4374, 4.3%)