A multi-parameter approach for predicting prostate cancer

Figures & data

Figure 1. Plot of PAI-1 marker concentration in BPH and PCa biopsy tissues against the mean age of patients: (A) initial data (Serafin et al., 2016) and (B) validation data.

Notes: Numbers in parentheses and square brackets represent the size of each patient subgroup in each age interval for BPH and PCa, respectively. Data points are means ± SEM for the subgroups. Horizontal dashed-dotted line indicates the cut-off PAI-1 level above which patients older than 60 years may likely have prostate cancer.

Figure 2. (A) Comparison of malignancy indices in biopsy tissue from BPH (n = 103) and PCa (n = 114) patients. p < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. (B) Plot of malignancy index against the mean age of patients grouped in 10-year intervals. “Other” refers to data from individuals presenting with non-BPH and non-PCa pathologies.

Notes: In (A), horizontal lines represent the mean malignancy index in each group of patients. In (B), numbers in parentheses and square brackets represent the size of each patient subgroup in each age interval for BPH and PCa, respectively. Data points are means ± SEM for the subgroups. Horizontal dashed-dotted line indicates a malignancy index of 1.0 mal.

Figure 3. (A) Comparison of malignancy indices in TURP tissue from BPH (n = 70) and PCa (n = 30) patients. p < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. (B) Plot of malignancy index against the mean age of patients grouped in 10-year intervals.

Notes: In (A), horizontal lines represent the mean malignancy index in each group of patients. In (B), numbers in parentheses and square brackets represent the size of each patient subgroup in each age interval for BPH and PCa, respectively. Data points are means ± SEM for the subgroups. Horizontal dashed-dotted line indicates a malignancy index of 1.0 mal.

Figure 4. Comparison of ROC curves for malignancy index (Mal) and PSA level. (A) Mal obtained from needle biopsies of 217 patients. (B) Mal obtained from TURP tissues of 100 patients. PSA was routinely measured.

Notes: AUC represents the concordance index of each test. Dashed diagonal (AUC = 0.5) represents a worthless test. Solid arrow indicates the range of specificities (≥0.85 for biopsy; ≥0.65 for TURP tissue) within which both tests are equally sensitive.

Serafin, A., Böhm, L., Fernandez, P., Achel, D., & Akudugu, J. (2016). The potential of PAI-1 expression in needle biopsies as a predictive marker for prostate cancer. Cogent Medicine, 3, 1183275.

 PubMedGoogle Scholar