Community-based vision health screening with on-site definitive exams: Design and outcomes

Figures & data

Figure 1. Eye Health Screening Program Designs.

Table 1. Demographics from the CEIO program (N = 4349 visits)

Mean age in years		47.6
Gender	n	%
Male	1864	42.9
Female	2458	56.5
Unknown	27	.6
Comparison of the racial and ethnic distribution within the population seen by the CEIO program versus the general population of Oregon*
Race/Ethnicity	CEIO (n)	CEIO (%)	General population (%)**
Hispanic/Latino	1566	36	11.7
White Non-Hispanic	1300	29.9	78.5
American Indian/Alaska Native	387	8.9	1.1
Asian	164	3.8	3.6
Black Non-Hispanic	146	3.4	1.7
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander	24	0.6	0.3
Two or More	321	7.4	2.9
Unknown/Not reporting	441	10.1	0.1

*2010, Oregon estimate data accessed from US Census Bureau

** For the General population of Oregon census data, we revised according to the 2010 racial “alone” categories and added the “Hispanic/Latino” race to those. Please note, this adds up to 99.9%

Table 2. Distribution of abnormal findings in CEIO program (N = 4349)

Abnormal finding	Number	% of total
Refractive error	2214	50.9%
Dry eyes/blepharitis	385	8.9%
Glaucoma suspect	390	9.0%
Diabetic retinopathy	237	5.4%
Pterygium	218	5.0%
Visually significant cataract	197	4.5%
Strabismus/Amblyopia	168	3.9%
Corneal and ocular surface disorders*	81	1.9%
Age related macular degeneration/Drusen	79	1.8%
Posterior vitreous detachment/syneresis	67	1.5%
Other retinal disorders **	66	1.5%
Lid and orbital problems***	64	1.5%
Conjunctivitis	36	0.8%
Choroidal nevus	30	0.7%
Uveitis/scleritis	9	0.2%
Epiretinal membrane	8	0.2%
Retinitis Pigmentosa	4	0.1%
Other	107	2.5%
Unknown cause of decreased vision	20	0.5%
Total****	4380

*Includes cornea scar, Keratoconus, ocular surface neoplasm/melanosis, and Fuch’s Dystrophy.

**Includes hypertensive retinopathy, lattice degeneration, retinal detachments/tears (old and new), and retinal vascular injury.

***Includes lid malposition, eyelid lesions, and proptosis.

****Multiple diagnoses in single participants were possible.

Table 3. Distribution of abnormal findings leading to referral for clinical care from the CEIO program (N = 4349)

Abnormal findings	Number	% of total referred	% of total screened
Glaucoma suspect	314	34.0%	7.2%
Visually significant cataract	178	19.3%	4.1%
Diabetic retinopathy	96	10.4%	2.2%
Refractive error (difficult refraction)	42	4.5%	1.0%
Other retinal pathology	34	3.7%	0.8%
Pterygium	29	3.1%	0.7%
Strabismus/Amblyopia	21	2.3%	0.5%
Neuro-ophthalmologic diagnosis	21	2.3%	0.5%
Choroidal nevus	20	2.2%	0.5%
Eyelid lesions/Lid malposition	20	2.2%	0.5%
Keratoconus	20	2.2%	0.5%
Other corneal pathology	19	2.1%	0.4%
Retinal detachment/tear/holes	15	1.6%	0.3%
Age related macular degeneration	13	1.4%	0.3%
Ocular surface neoplasm/melanosis	8	0.9%	0.2%
Other macular pathology	8	0.9%	0.2%
Posterior vitreous detachment/syneresis	6	0.6%	0.1%
Hypertensive retinopathy	6	0.6%	0.1%
Uveitis	5	0.5%	0.1%
Dry eyes/blepharitis	5	0.5%	0.1%
Other eye diseases	17	1.8%	0.4%
Non-ocular	14	1.5%	0.3%
unknown diagnosis	13	1.4%	0.3%
Total number of referrals	924

*Multiple diagnoses in single participants were possible