Reaching women at work with health programming in Bangladesh: results of difference-in-differences analysis among female factory workers

Figures & data

Table 1. Background characteristics by group and survey

	Baseline		Endline
	HERhealth (n = 845)	Comparison (n = 859)	HERhealth (n = 718)	Comparison (n = 785)
Age	**		**
18–19	10.9	20.4	11.2	20.0
20–24	39.5	37.8	38.6	35.7
25–29	31.9	21.4	29.5	21.7
30–34	11.4	10.4	13.9	10.6
35–39	5.0	7.0	5.7	7.6
40–49	1.3	3.0	1.1	4.4
Literacy	**		*
Can’t read or write	12.9	19.5	16.6	22.2
Can read or write	4.5	3.1	11.0	9.0
Can read and write	82.6	77.4	72.4	68.8
Marital status	**		*
Never married	16.3	30.8	18.4	23.3
Married	74.6	61.4	74.2	68.7
Separated/divorced/widowed	9.1	7.8	7.4	8.0
Number of living children	**		**
None	41.1	49.4	39.4	43.5
1	34.1	26.4	35.5	30.8
2	19.4	14.7	21.2	14.9
3+	5.4	9.5	3.9	10.8
Wealth quintile	**		**
Lowest quintile	16.7	27.5	15.6	22.4
Lower quintile	18.8	26.6	17.8	23.2
Middle quintile	16.6	21.1	18.1	19.7
Higher quintile	27.2	17	24.0	18.5
Highest quintile	20.7	7.8	24.5	16.2
Length of time since migrating for work	**		**
Less than 1 year	28.5	32.3	26.7	33.6
At least 1 year and less than 4 years	18.8	32	21.0	22.2
At least 4 years and less than 6 years	8.3	8.5	7.4	11.2
6 or more years	44.4	27.2	44.9	33
Position in the factory	**		**
Helper	18.6	30	20.6	31.6
Operator	60.7	59.5	66.1	48.5
Quality control/supervisor	11.4	4.7	8.4	11.2
Other	9.3	5.8	4.9	8.7
Who makes your health decisions	**		**
Respondent	26.3	22.8	19.8	26.5
Respondent + partner/ parents	45.6	55.2	64.1	53.9
Partner/parents/elders/in-laws	27.1	22.0	16.1	19.6

*p-value ≤ 0.05; **p-value ≤ 0.01.

Table 2. Difference-in-differences estimations for knowledge outcomes*

	Per cent		Percentage point estimate
Group	Baseline	Endline	DiD results
Identified 10–20 days after menstruation as the risk period for pregnancy
HERhealth	26.5	40.9	11.7**
Comparison	27.8	30.6
Named at least 1 HIV prevention measure
HERhealth	73.5	82.7	21.3**
Comparison	61.7	49.7
Named at least 1 STI prevention measure
HERhealth	37.6	57.5	21.0**
Comparison	24.4	23.3
Named at least 1 STI symptom in women
HERhealth	27.5	49.0	13.2**
Comparison	9.6	18.5
Named at least 1 STI symptom in men
HERhealth	13.1	44.2	23.9**
Comparison	6.2	11.1

*Sample size: Baseline: Intervention n = 845, Comparison n = 859; Endline: Intervention n = 718, Comparison n = 785.

**p-value ≤ 0.01.

Table 3. Difference-in-differences estimations for behaviour outcomes⁺

	Per cent		Percentage point estimate
Group	Baseline	Endline	DiD results
Current use of any family planning method^++
HERhealth	65.1	72.9	11.9**
Comparison	70.4	66.3
Current use of any modern family planning method^++
HERhealth	58.6	66.4	11.5**
Comparison	61.8	58.1
Uses sanitary products for menstrual management (pad or tampon)
HERhealth	23.2	71.7	35.4**
Comparison	15.3	28.4

⁺Sample size: Baseline: Intervention n = 845, Comparison n = 859; Endline: Intervention n = 718, Comparison n = 785.

⁺⁺Sample ever married women only: Intervention n = 707, Comparison n = 594; Endline: Intervention n = 586, Comparison n = 602.

**p-value ≤ 0.01.

Table

Number of female workers and PHEs by study factory
Factory ID	Number of female worker	Number of PHEs trained
HERHealth1	1700	80
HERHealth2	1600	70
HERHealth3	800	30
HERHealth4	600	24
Total	4700	204
Comparison1	2300	NA
Comparison2	1600	NA
Comparison3	1000	NA
Comparison4	700	NA
Total	5600	NA

Data availability statement

The dataset analysed during the current study will be available at the USAID Development Data Library in 2021, https://www.usaid.gov/data. They will also be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.