Breaking the silence around infertility: a scoping review of interventions addressing infertility-related gendered stigmatisation in low- and middle-income countries

Figures & data

Table 1. Details of studies evaluating the effectiveness of counselling interventions

Authors (year)	Design	Comparison	N (intervention, comparison group)	Analyses	Domains of significant differences between intervention and control-groups
Ehsan et al. (2019)	RCT - pre-post-test (1 month after intervention)	intervention vs care as usual	40, 40	Repeated measures analysis of variance	Infertility stress: Social concern (F = 32.79, p < .001), sexual concern (F = 39.51, p < .001), relationship concern (F = 28.17, p < .001), rejection of childless lifestyle (F = 125.32, p < .001), need for parenthood (F = 57.60, p< .001), total stress score (F = 149.47, p < .001) Gender role attitude: marital roles in sexual and reproductive health (F = 32.90, p < .001), marital public roles (F = 10.19, p < .001)
Moudi et al. (2019)	Quasi-experimental – weekly allocation – pre-post-test	intervention vs care as usual	68, 67	t-test at pre- and post-test	No significant scores at pre-test Post-test: Infertility stigma scores self (p < .001), social (p < .001), public (p < .001), family (p < .001), total (p < .001)
Naab et al. (2021)	RCT – pre-test, midway test (6 weeks after start intervention), post-test and follow-up test (3 months post intervention)	Intervention vs psychoeducational attention (contacting them weekly to check on them)	11, 7	EB-GLMM	Depressive symptoms (β = -7.70, p =< .001), infertility-related stress (β = -8.29, p < .001), severity of depression (β = .74, p < .04)