CD56 Expression Is Associated with Biological Behavior of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Figures & data

Figure 1 The illustration of the negative and positive CD56 expression.

Table 1 Clinical Characteristics of Patients

Characteristics	Values
Gender (male/female)	69/69
Age, mean(range)	54.2 (30–77)
Location
Head-neck	71
Body-tail	67
Grade
1	66
2	46
3	26
Size (cm)	3.4 ± 2.9
Functional status
Nonfunctional	122
Functional	16

Table 2 Immuohistochemical Evaluation in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (PNENs)

	G1 (n = 66)	G2 (n = 46)	PNEN G3 (n = 26)	P*
Gender (male/female)	29/37	18/28	18/8	0.001
Age	53.4 ± 10.4	54.3 ± 12.0	56.3 ± 10.6	>0.05
Size (cm)	1.96 ± 0.97	3.95 ± 2.62	5.7 ± 4.2	<0.01
CgA (+)	66 (100%)	46 (100%)	24 (92%)	>0.05
Syn (+)	66 (100%)	45 (98%)	24 (92%)	>0.05
CD56 (+)	66 (100%)	44 (95.7%)	17 (65.4%)	<0.01
Ki67 (%)	1.2	14.6	46.2	<0.01
Organs invasion	3 (5%)	7 (13%)	11 (42%)	<0.05
Lymph node metastasis	2(3%)	3(7%)	8(31%)	<0.05

Note: *Statistical analysis among G1, G2 and PNEN G3.

Abbreviations: CgA, chromogranin A; Syn, synaptophysin; G1, grade 1; G2, grade 2; PNEN G3, pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm grade 3.

Figure 2 The sizes of CD56+ and CD56- tumors in all pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs) and PNEN grade 3 (PNEN G3).

Table 3 Immuohistochemical Evaluation in Well-Differentiated (WD) Grade 3 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (WD-G3 PNENs) and PNEC

	NEC (n = 17)	WD-G3 (n = 9)	p
Age	54.6 ± 11.6	59.6 ± 8.2	>0.05
Size (cm)	6.9 ± 4.5	3.2 ± 1.8	<0.05
CgA (+)	16 (88.8%)	8 (100%)	>0.05
Syn (+)	16 (88.8%)	8 (100%)	>0.05
CD56 (+)	10 (55.5%)	8 (88.9%)	0.05*
Ki67 (%)	50.6±18.3	33.2 ±14.9	<0.05
Organs invasion	9 (53.0%)	2 (22.2%)	>0.05
Lymph node metastasis	6 (35.3%)	2(22.2%)	>0.05

Note: *Likelihood ratio for Chi-square test.

Abbreviations: CgA, chromogranin A; Syn, synaptophysin; PNEC, pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Table 4 The Association Between Sizes, CD56 Negative Expression and PNENs Grade, Organs Invasion, Ki67 Index and NEC in PNEN G3

		OR (95% Confidence Interval)
		Model 1	Model 2
Size	G3 vs G1/G2	6.0 (2.4–15.2)	5.7 (2.1–15.4)
CD56-	G3 vs G1/G2	19.1 (4.7–77.5)	13.6 (2.1–88.1)
	Organs invasion in G3 (yes vs no) Ki67 index > 50% in G3 (yes vs no)	6.5 (1.1–38.6) 11.4 (1.7–78.4)	9.5 (1.1–82.8) 14.7 (1.6–138.9)
	NEC in G3 (yes vs no)	7.11 (0.72–69.99)	31.9 (1.09–938.3)

Notes: Model 2 adjusted with gender and age. Size was also adjusted for CD56- analysis. The number of organs invasion and Ki67 index >50% in G3 were 11 and 10, respectively.

Abbreviations: G1, grade 1; G2, grade 2; G3, grade 3; PNEN, pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm; NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; OR, odds ratio.

Figure 3 The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of size and size+CD56 in differentiating pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms grade 3 (PNEN G3) from PNENs. The area under curve was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.71–0.85) for tumor size and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.74–0.89) for size+CD56 expression.