Figures & data
Table 1 Study inclusion criteria
Table 2 Main study and intervention characteristics
Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram (study selection process).
![Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram (study selection process).](/cms/asset/9913015c-216c-4206-b3d6-d2eacd397a17/dcop_a_104238_f0001_c.jpg)
Figure 2 Mortality (relative risk).
Notes: *Calculated by authors of this report. +Controlled study with matching.
Abbreviations: RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; RCT, randomized controlled trial; NIV, noninvasive ventilation.
![Figure 2 Mortality (relative risk).Notes: *Calculated by authors of this report. +Controlled study with matching.Abbreviations: RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; RCT, randomized controlled trial; NIV, noninvasive ventilation.](/cms/asset/87231d48-8e3f-4bcd-a344-a974583efe26/dcop_a_104238_f0002_c.jpg)
Figure 3 Hospital admissions per patient per year (weighted mean difference).
Notes: *Calculated by authors of this report. #Individual mean differences (95% CI) presented for this outcome.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; WMD, weighted mean difference; RCTs, randomized controlled trials; ICU, intensive care unit; NIV, noninvasive ventilation.
![Figure 3 Hospital admissions per patient per year (weighted mean difference).Notes: *Calculated by authors of this report. #Individual mean differences (95% CI) presented for this outcome.Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; WMD, weighted mean difference; RCTs, randomized controlled trials; ICU, intensive care unit; NIV, noninvasive ventilation.](/cms/asset/135a2b81-7440-4d81-a035-ffb0f96e70fe/dcop_a_104238_f0003_c.jpg)
Figure 4 PaO2 (mean difference).
Notes: *Calculated by authors of this report. aMeasurement performed regardless of oxygen use. bMeasurements both on room air or both on oxygen at the same flow rate.
Abbreviations: PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen; NIV, noninvasive ventilation; CI, confidence interval; NR, not reported.
![Figure 4 PaO2 (mean difference).Notes: *Calculated by authors of this report. aMeasurement performed regardless of oxygen use. bMeasurements both on room air or both on oxygen at the same flow rate.Abbreviations: PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen; NIV, noninvasive ventilation; CI, confidence interval; NR, not reported.](/cms/asset/7972aabc-ae66-46c3-b33e-bee1544ce522/dcop_a_104238_f0004_b.jpg)
Figure 5 PaCO2 (mean difference).
Abbreviations: PaCO2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; NIV, noninvasive ventilation; CI, confidence interval.
![Figure 5 PaCO2 (mean difference).](/cms/asset/1492fe0f-3698-46a3-be4f-1ce0eb6d6e9a/dcop_a_104238_f0005_b.jpg)
Figure 6 Hypercapnia and clinical outcomes.
Abbreviations: RR, relative risk; PaCO2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; MD, mean difference.
![Figure 6 Hypercapnia and clinical outcomes.](/cms/asset/ea4d140d-e18e-4c4b-a572-0ecaf940e84c/dcop_a_104238_f0006_c.jpg)