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International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Volume 11, 2016 - Issue
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Original Research

What is the impact of different spirometric criteria on the prevalence of spirometrically defined COPD and its comorbidities? Results from the population-based KORA study

Stefan Karrasch1 Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg;2 Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität;3 Institute of General Practice, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, MunichCorrespondence[email protected]
,
Irene Brüske1 Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg
,
Maia P Smith1 Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg
,
Barbara Thorand4 Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg
,
Cornelia Huth4 Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg;5 German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
,
Karl-Heinz Ladwig4 Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg
,
Florian Kronenberg6 Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Joachim Heinrich1 Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg;7 Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research
,
Rolf Holle8 Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
,
Annette Peters4 Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg
&
Holger Schulz1 Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg;7 Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research
 show all
Pages 1881-1894 | Published online: 16 Aug 2016

Figures & data

Table 1 General characteristics of the KORA-F4 and KORA-Age study participants with spdata

Table 2 COPD based on FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7) and LLN (FEV1/FVC < LLN) criteria by age and sex (N, % of group)

Figure 1 Prevalence of spirometrically defined COPD based on FR (light gray) or LLN (dark gray) criterion.

Note: All LLN-defined COPD cases were included in the respective FR-defined group, except for one subject in the age group of 40–44 years.
Abbreviations: FR, fixed ratio; LLN, lower limit of normal.
Figure 1 Prevalence of spirometrically defined COPD based on FR (light gray) or LLN (dark gray) criterion.

Table 3 Frequency (%) of self-reported physician diagnosis of COPD or chronic bronchitis, current use of lung medication, symptoms of chronic bronchitis, and ever smoking in subjects classified by FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7) and LLN (FEV1/FVC < LLN) criteria

Table 4 Odds ratio estimates (95% CI) for lung-associated parameters by spirometric criterion (FR: FEV1/FVC <0.7; LLN: FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal) from adjusted logistic regression models

Table 5 Odds ratio estimates (95% CI) for comorbidities by spirometric criterion (FR: FEV1/FVC <0.7; LLN: FEV1/FVC < LLN) from adjusted logistic regression models

Table 6 Parameter estimates (95% CI) for CRP and IL-6 levels from general linear models by FR and LLN criterion

Figure S1 (A–C) Prevalence of comorbidities in subjects without COPD (light grey) or with COPD (dark grey) by FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7; solid color) and LLN (FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal; hatched) criterion (percentages).

Abbreviations: FR, fixed ratio; LLN, lower limit of normal; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; y, years.

Figure S1 (A–C) Prevalence of comorbidities in subjects without COPD (light grey) or with COPD (dark grey) by FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7; solid color) and LLN (FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal; hatched) criterion (percentages).Abbreviations: FR, fixed ratio; LLN, lower limit of normal; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; y, years.
Figure S1 (A–C) Prevalence of comorbidities in subjects without COPD (light grey) or with COPD (dark grey) by FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7; solid color) and LLN (FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal; hatched) criterion (percentages).Abbreviations: FR, fixed ratio; LLN, lower limit of normal; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; y, years.
Figure S1 (A–C) Prevalence of comorbidities in subjects without COPD (light grey) or with COPD (dark grey) by FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7; solid color) and LLN (FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal; hatched) criterion (percentages).Abbreviations: FR, fixed ratio; LLN, lower limit of normal; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; y, years.

Figure S2 (A–B) Levels of CRP and IL-6 in subjects without COPD (light grey) and COPD cases (dark grey) based on FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7; solid color) or LLN (FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal; hatched) criterion (number of subjects per group are given in brackets).

Abbreviations: FR, fixed ratio; LLN, lower limit of normal; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; y, years.

Figure S2 (A–B) Levels of CRP and IL-6 in subjects without COPD (light grey) and COPD cases (dark grey) based on FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7; solid color) or LLN (FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal; hatched) criterion (number of subjects per group are given in brackets).Abbreviations: FR, fixed ratio; LLN, lower limit of normal; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; y, years.
Figure S2 (A–B) Levels of CRP and IL-6 in subjects without COPD (light grey) and COPD cases (dark grey) based on FR (FEV1/FVC <0.7; solid color) or LLN (FEV1/FVC <lower limit of normal; hatched) criterion (number of subjects per group are given in brackets).Abbreviations: FR, fixed ratio; LLN, lower limit of normal; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; y, years.

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