Coherence between self-reported and objectively measured physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease: a systematic review

Figures & data

Table 1 Overview of the questionnaires

Study	Questionnaire	Administration form	No of questions	Recall time	Classification of physical activity	Outcome
18	PAR	Interviewer	4 including complete minute to minute diary	7 days	Moderate, hard, very hard	Minutes
18	Baecke	Self	16	12 months	Light, moderate, hard	Minutes
18	Zutphen	Self	17	1 month	Moderate, hard, very hard	Minutes
17,18	PASE	Self	32	7 days	Light, moderate, strenuous, recreation	Hours -> score
17	SBAS	Self	2	1 day	Inactive, light, moderate, hard, very hard	Score
19	MARQ	Self	–	–	All activities	Energy expenditure
23	SQUASH	Self	13	7 days	Light, moderate, intense	Intensity scores based on the reported effort

Abbreviations: MARQ, Modified Activity Recall Questionnaire; PAR, the Stanford Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire; PASE, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly; SBAS, Stanford Brief Activity Scale; SQUASH, Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-enhancing physical activity.

Table 2 Overview of included studies

Study	Design	Number	COPD population: FEV1 %	Accelerometer	Placement	Type	Questionnaire	Self-reported/measured PA, correlation coefficient (R)	Ratio self-reported/measured PA
Pitta et al^Citation27	Cross sectional	Study A =10 Study B =13	40±16	Dynaport activity monitor	3 sensors, two worn on the waist and one on the left leg	Accelerometer, triaxial	Diary	r=0.71 (P<0.01)	>1
Singh et al^Citation26	Cross sectional	11 COPD, 9 healthy	1.16±0.56 L (no other data available)	Z80-32k V1 INT (Gaehwiler Electronics, Hombrechtikon, Switzerland)	Waist	Uniaxial	Diary	–	>1
Garfield et al^Citation18	Cross sectional	43	46±22	Sensewear	Left upper arm	Multisensor	PAR, PASE, Baecke, Zutphen, diary	r=0.54 (P<0.001)	>1
Steele et al^Citation19	Cross sectional	47	37±16	Tritac R3D	Hip	Multisensor	MARQ	r=0.14 (NS)	>1
DePew et al^Citation17	Cross sectional	67	46.7±19.98	Sensewear	Left upper arm	Multisensor	PASE, SBAS	r=0.62 (P<0.001)	>1
Moore et al^Citation24	Cross sectional	76	46.3±18.5	Yamax Digiwalker sw-700	Hip	Pedometer	Diary	r=0.37 (P=0.001)	>1
Bossenbroek et al^Citation23	Cross sectional	15 vs 47	Candidates: 20±5.2 Recipients: 93±28.4	Yamax Digiwalker sw-200	Waist	Pedometer	SQUASH	–	>1

Abbreviations: FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in one second; MARQ, Modified Activity Recall Questionnaire; NS, non significant; PA, physical activity; PAR, the Stanford Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire; PASE, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly; SBAS, Stanford Brief Activity Scale; SQUASH, Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-enhancing physical activity.

Figure 1 Flow diagram of search results.

Table 3 Risk of bias

The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies
Study	Risk of bias assessment
	Selection (0–3)	Comparability (0–2)	Outcome (0–3)	Total score
Garfield et al^Citation18	2	–	3	5
DePew et al^Citation17	2	–	3	5
Steele et al^Citation19	2	–	3	5
Bossenbroek et al^Citation23	1	–	3	4
Moore et al^Citation24	0	–	3	3
Singh and Morgan^Citation26	2	1	2	5
Pitta et al^Citation27	2	–	3	5
Mean	1.6	1	2.9	32

Notes: Domain 1 (selection) scored out of 3, and not out of 4, as the “outcome of interest was not present at start of the study”, was considered not appropriate for this review.

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