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International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Volume 13, 2018 - Issue
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Original Research

The association of neuron-derived orphan receptor 1 with pulmonary vascular remodeling in COPD patients

Chang-Guo Wang1 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
,
Chang Li2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
,
Wei Lei1 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
,
Jun-Hong Jiang1 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
,
Jian-An Huang1 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
&
Da-Xiong Zeng1 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 1177-1186 | Published online: 13 Apr 2018

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of recruited COPD patients

Figure 1 Hypoxemia induced NOR1 upregulation and pulmonary vascular remodeling.

Notes: Lung tissues were collected and pulmonary vascular remodeling was estimated. (A) HE staining showed the wall thickness of pulmonary vessels in patients. (B) Immunohistochemistry staining (α-SMA) showed the muscularized vessels of pulmonary vessels in patients. (C and D) Histogram showed the results of wall thickness and muscularized vessel percentage in patients. (E and F) Protein levels (SDS-PAGE and histogram) of HIF-1α, α-SMA, NOR1, and cyclin D1 in peripheral lung tissues of different patients. *P<0.01 as compared with control. Control: n=15; hypoxemia: n=11.
Abbreviations: NOR1, neuron-derived orphan receptor 1; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Figure 1 Hypoxemia induced NOR1 upregulation and pulmonary vascular remodeling.

Figure 2 Hypoxia induced NOR1 upregulation and human PASMC proliferation.

Human PASMCs were cultured in vitro under hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2). (A) PASMCs were identified under an optical microscope (200×) and by immunohistochemistry staining of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (400×). (B) Cell counts after culturing under hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) for 24–72 h. (C and D) NOR1 protein levels (SDS-PAGE and histogram) in PASMCs after being subjected to hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) for 48 h. (E) DNA synthesis was evaluated by BrdU incorporation after treatment in hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) for 48 h. (F) Histogram shows the results of BrdU incorporation. #P<0.05 as compared with normoxia (n=6).

Abbreviations: NOR1, neuron-derived orphan receptor 1; PASMC, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell; SDS-PAGE, sodium dedecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Figure 2 Hypoxia induced NOR1 upregulation and human PASMC proliferation.Human PASMCs were cultured in vitro under hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2). (A) PASMCs were identified under an optical microscope (200×) and by immunohistochemistry staining of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (400×). (B) Cell counts after culturing under hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) for 24–72 h. (C and D) NOR1 protein levels (SDS-PAGE and histogram) in PASMCs after being subjected to hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) for 48 h. (E) DNA synthesis was evaluated by BrdU incorporation after treatment in hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) for 48 h. (F) Histogram shows the results of BrdU incorporation. #P<0.05 as compared with normoxia (n=6).

Figure 3 NOR1-specific siRNA inhibited proliferation in hypoxic cells.

Notes: Human PASMCs were transfected by NOR1-siRNA or NC-siRNA, and then treated with hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2). (A and B) NOR1 protein levels (SDS-PAGE and histogram) in PASMCs after different treatments. (C) BrdU incorporation showed the DNA synthesis in PASMCs after different treatments. (D) Histogram shows the results of BrdU incorporation. (E) Cell count shows proliferation in PASMCs after different treatments. #P<0.05 as compared with normoxia, *P<0.05 as compared with NC-siRNA (n=6).
Abbreviations: NC, negative control; NOR1, neuron-derived orphan receptor 1; PASMC, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell; SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate– polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Figure 3 NOR1-specific siRNA inhibited proliferation in hypoxic cells.

Figure 4 Exodus NOR1 overexpression promoted proliferation.

Notes: PASMCs were transfected with NOR1 overexpression plasmid vector (pNOR1) or control plasmid (control) and then were subjected to hypoxia or normoxia. (A and B) NOR1 protein levels (SDS-PAGE and histogram) after different treatments. (C) BrdU incorporation showed the DNA synthesis in PASMCs after different treatments. (D) Cells under an optical microscope (200×) after different treatments. (E) Histogram shows the results of BrdU incorporation. (F) Results of cell counts in PASMCs after different treatments. #P<0.01 as compared with normoxia, *P<0.01 as compared with hypoxia (n=6).
Abbreviations: NOR1, neuron-derived orphan receptor 1; PASMC, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell; SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Figure 4 Exodus NOR1 overexpression promoted proliferation.

Figure 5 NOR1 promoted proliferation via cyclin D1.

Notes: PASMCs were cultured in hypoxia (5% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) after different treatments. (A and B) Cyclin D1 protein levels (SDS-PAGE and histogram) in PASMCs after transfection with NOR1 overexpression plasmid (pNOR1). (C and D) Cyclin D1 protein levels (SDS-PAGE and histogram) in PASMCs after transfection with NOR1-siRNA or NC-siRNA. (E) BrdU incorporation in hypoxic or normoxic cells after PD0332991 (a specific inhibitor of cyclin D1-CDK4/6 complex) treatment. (F) Histogram shows the results of BrdU incorporation. (G) Results of cell counts in hypoxic or normoxic cells after PD0332991 treatment. #P<0.05 as compared with control (or normoxia), *P<0.05 as compared with NC-siRNA, &P<0.05 as compared with DMSO (n=6).
Abbreviations: NC, negative control; NOR1, neuron-derived orphan receptor 1; PASMC, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell; SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate– polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Figure 5 NOR1 promoted proliferation via cyclin D1.

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