Effects of alprostadil and iloprost on renal, lung, and skeletal muscle injury following hindlimb ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats

Figures & data

Table 1 Scores obtained from light microscopy of kidney tissues (mean ± standard deviation)

	Group C (n=6)	Group IR (n=6)	Group IR-A (n=6)	Group IR-I (n=6)	P-value**
Medullary congestion	0.33±0.21*	1.67±0.49	0.00±0.00*	1.16±0.61	0.032
Tubular necrosis	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	–
Cytoplasmic swelling	0.00±0.00*	0.67±0.33	0.00±0.00*	0.17±0.17	0.045
Tubular dilatation	0.00±0.00*	0.50±0.22	0.00±0.00*	0.00±0.00*	0.010
Inflammation	0.17±0.17	0.50±0.22	0.33±0.21	0.33±0.21	0.724

Notes:

** Significance level with Kruskal–Wallis test, P<0.05.

* P<0.05 compared with Group IR. Group C is the Control Group, Group IR is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group, Group IR-A is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group treated with Alprostadil, Group IR-I is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group Treated with Iloprost.

Figure 1 Nephrectomy specimens of four groups.

Notes: (A) Medullary congestion in the control group; (B) renal cortical parenchyma with leucocytic infiltration, interstitial edema, and prominent congestion with acute tubular injury in the ischemia reperfusion (IR) group; (C) tubular dilatation without any obvious acute injury in the renal parenchyma of the IR-A group; (D) Mild cortical congestion without any remarkable pathology in either the cortical or the medullary kidney parenchyma of the IR-I group.

Table 2 Scores obtained from light microscopy of lung tissues (mean ± standard deviation)

	Group C (n=6)	Group IR (n=6)	Group IR-A (n=6)	Group IR-I (n=6)	P-value**
Interstitial enlargement and congestion	1.00±0.00	1.83±0.40	1.33±0.21	1.33±0.33	0.247
PMNL infiltration	1.00±0.00*	2.00±0.00	1.50±0.22*	1.33±0.21*	0.002
Alveolar edema, hemorrhage	0.00±0.00*	0.50±0.22	0.00±0.00*	0.00±0.00*	0.010
Intravascular thrombosis	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	–
Pulmonary partial destruction, consolidation	0.67±0.21*	1.67±0.33	0.17±0.17*	0.17±0.17*	<0.0001

Notes:

** Significance level with Kruskal–Wallis test, P<0.05.

* P<0.05 compared with Group IR. Group C is the Control Group, Group IR is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group, Group IR-A is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group treated with Alprostadil, Group IR-I is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group Treated with Iloprost.

Abbreviation: PMNL, polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

Figure 2 Lung parenchyma of four groups.

Notes: (A) Mild interalveolar septal congestion in the control group; (B) parenchymal consolidation characterized by prominent congestion and leucocytic infiltration in the ischemia reperfusion (IR) group; (C) and (D) thickened interalveolar septa with congestion and mild leucocytic infiltration in the IR-A group and IR-I group.

Table 3 Scores obtained from light microscopy of skeletal muscle tissues (mean ± standard deviation)

	Group C (n=6)	Group IR (n=6)	Group IR-A (n=6)	Group IR-I (n=6)	P-value**
PMNL infiltration	0.00±0.00*	1.17±0.31	0.83±0.31	0.00±0.00*	0.002
Edema	0.00±0.00	0.17±0.17	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.413
Myocyte disorganization, degeneration, necrosis	0.00±0.00	0.17±0.17	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.413

Notes:

** Significance level with Kruskal–Wallis test, P<0.05.

* P<0.05 compared with Group IR. Group C is the Control Group, Group IR is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group, Group IR-A is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group treated with Alprostadil, Group IR-I is the Ischemia Reperfusion Group Treated with Iloprost.

Abbreviation: PMNL, polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

Figure 3 Skeletal muscle biopsies of four groups.

Notes: (A) Normal striated muscle in the control group; (B) polymorphonuclear leucocytic infiltration with myocyte necrosis in the ischemia reperfusion (IR) group; (C) interstitial edema and mild perivascular leucocytic infiltration in the IR-A group; (D) unremarkable striated muscle biopsy of the IR-I group.