Synergistic protective effect of N-acetylcysteine and taurine against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Figures & data

Figure 1 Effect of CDDP, NAC, and TAU both individually and in combination on (A) body weight change (%) and (B) kidney ratio (%) in male rats.

Notes: Data are expressed as mean ± standard error (n=6). Bars not sharing common superscript letters (a–d) are significantly different (P≤0.05).
Abbreviations: CDDP, cisplatin; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; TAU, taurine.

Table 1 Changes in level of creatinine, urea, and uric acid in the serum after treatment with CDDP, NAC, and TAU both individually and in combination

Groups	Creatinine, mg/dL	Urea, mg/dL	Uric acid, mg/dL
Control	0.84^a±0.06	34.13^a±3.39	0.37^a±0.05
NAC	0.78^a±0.08	30.33^a±2.29	0.38^a±0.06
TAU	0.91^a±0.08	36.41^a±2.08	0.54^a,b±0.07
NAC–TAU	0.80^a±0.05	33.50^a±2.09	0.41^a±0.06
CDDP	2.50^c±0.18	68.40^c±6.43	2.10^c±0.12
CDDP–NAC	1.23^b±0.07	40.86^a,d±3.25	0.96^b±0.04
CDDP–TAU	1.66^d±0.32	47.20^d±3.74	1.19^d±0.13
CDDP–NAC–TAU	1.02^a±0.21	36.80^a±2.80	0.43^a±0.06

Notes: Each value represents the mean ± standard error for each experimental group (n=6). Mean values within the same column not sharing a common superscript (a–d) are significantly different (P≤0.05).

Abbreviations: CDDP, cisplatin; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; TAU, taurine.

Table 2 Changes in the level of urinary glucose and protein after treatment with CDDP, NAC, and TAU both individually and in combination

Groups	Urinary glucose, mg/dL	Urinary protein, mg/dL
Control	7.12^a±0.43	0.75^a±0.06
NAC	6.50^a±0.60	0.91^a±0.04
TAU	7.33^a±0.54	1.02^a±0.05
NAC–TAU	6.71^a±0.66	0.90^a±0.05
CDDP	46.80^c±3.93	5.70^c±0.26
CDDP–NAC	19.71^b±1.23	2.21^b±0.18
CDDP–TAU	26.20^d±2.59	2.60^b±0.15
CDDP–NAC–TAU	11.20^a,b±0.97	1.03^a±0.08

Notes: Each value represents the mean ± standard error for each experimental group (n=6). Mean values within the same column not sharing a common superscript (a–d) are significantly different (P≤0.05).

Abbreviations: CDDP, cisplatin; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; TAU, taurine.

Figure 2 Effect of CDDP, NAC, and TAU both individually and in combination on (A) level of renal MDA (nmol/mg protein) and (B) serum TAC (mmol/L) in male rats.

Notes: Data are expressed as mean ± standard error (n=6). Bars not sharing common superscript letters (a–d) are significantly different (P≤0.05).
Abbreviations: CDDP, cisplatin; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; TAU, taurine; MDA, malondialdeyde; TAC, total antioxidant capacity.

Table 3 Changes in the activity of GPx, GR, CAT, and SOD in kidney tissue after treatment with CDDP, NAC, and TAU both individually and in combination

Groups	GPx, U/mg protein	GR, µmol/mg protein	CAT, U/mg protein	SOD, U/mg protein
Control	78.33^a±4.30	36.83^a±2.79	56.50^a±2.72	58.67^a±3.22
NAC	79.33^a±4.36	37.17^a±2.46	59.83^a±3.24	58.00^a±2.61
TAU	77.33^a±3.52	36.33^a±2.39	58.67^a±5.38	59.33^a±5.30
NAC–TAU	78.50^a±5.58	34.33^a±1.61	57.17^a±3.29	60.17^a±2.98
CDDP	18.60^b±1.21	14.04^b±2.42	23.60^b±2.11	21.20^b±1.59
CDDP–NAC	68.0^a,c±2.15	31.29^a,c±1.66	48.43^a,c±2.94	51.71^a,c±3.15
CDDP–TAU	59.0^c±1.58	28.0^c±2.24	40.20^c±3.46	44.20^c±3.46
CDDP–NAC–TAU	77.4^a±2.93	37.8^a±2.63	57.40^a±2.44	56.40^a±3.93

Notes: Each value represents the mean ± standard error for each experimental group (n=6). Mean values within the same column not sharing a common superscript (a–c) are significantly different (P≤0.05).

Abbreviations: CDDP, cisplatin; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; TAU, taurine; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; CAT, catalase; SOD, superoxide dismutase.