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Review

The Emerging Potential of Parthenolide Nanoformulations in Tumor Therapy

ORCID Icon, , &
Pages 1255-1272 | Published online: 29 Apr 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1 Chemical structure of PTL and DMAPT.

Figure 1 Chemical structure of PTL and DMAPT.

Table 1 Pharmacological Activities of PTL in Tumors (Since 2019)

Figure 2 Selected signaling pathways regulated by PTL. The key components and signal transduction cascade reactions in NF-κB signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, FAK1 signaling, and p53 signaling were depicted, and the nodes targeted by PTL were labeled.

Notes: ㊀ Represents the inhibitory effect, and ㊉ Represents the activation effect.
Figure 2 Selected signaling pathways regulated by PTL. The key components and signal transduction cascade reactions in NF-κB signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, FAK1 signaling, and p53 signaling were depicted, and the nodes targeted by PTL were labeled.

Figure 3 Pivotal cellular processes affected by PTL. Schematic diagram showing the formation of microtentacle and major antioxidant machineries were plotted. The targets regulated by PTL were marked.

Note: ↑ Represents the accumulation of ROS.
Figure 3 Pivotal cellular processes affected by PTL. Schematic diagram showing the formation of microtentacle and major antioxidant machineries were plotted. The targets regulated by PTL were marked.

Table 2 Unmodified Nanoparticles Solely Incorporated with PTL

Table 3 Undecorated Nanovectors Encapsulated PTL and Other Agents

Table 4 Targeted Nanocarriers Encapsulated PTL with or without Other Agents

Figure 4 Chemical structure of MCL, MMB and COS.

Figure 4 Chemical structure of MCL, MMB and COS.